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When accounting solar days on Earth, astronomers often use Julian dates—a simple sequential count of days—for timekeeping purposes. An analogous system for Mars has been proposed "[f]or historical utility with respect to the Earth-based atmospheric, visual mapping, and polar-cap observations of Mars, ... a sequential count of sol-numbers".
Extra-close oppositions of Mars happen every 15 to 17 years, when we pass between Mars and the Sun around the time of its perihelion (closest point to the Sun in orbit). The minimum distance between Earth and Mars has been declining over the years, and in 2003 the minimum distance was 55.76 million km, nearer than any such encounter in almost ...
Previous perihelion passages were in 1986, 2061, and 2134. 2221 May 27 Near-Earth asteroid (285263) 1998 QE 2 will pass Earth at a distance of 0.038 AU (5.7 million km; 3.5 million mi). [61] 2221 Triple conjunction of Mars and Saturn: 2223 December 2 At 12:39 UTC, Mars will occult Jupiter, this comes after a gap of 836 Earth years. [31] [42] 2227
As on Earth, there is a second form of precession: the point of perihelion in Mars's orbit changes slowly, causing the anomalistic year to differ from the sidereal year. However, on Mars, this cycle is 43,000 Martian years (81,000 Earth years) rather than 112,000 years as on Earth.
The Clancy Mars year count is approximately equal to the Darian year count minus 183. The Allison Mars sol date epoch equates to L s = 276.6° in a year that is undefined in the Clancy Mars year count. It converts to 25 Virgo 140 on the Darian calendar and Mars Julian sol 94128.511.
The year used in dates during the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire was the consular year, which began on the day when consuls first entered office—probably 1 May before 222 BC, 15 March from 222 BC and 1 January from 153 BC. [44] The Julian calendar, which began in 45 BC, continued to use 1 January as the first day of the new year. Even ...
Mars 35' north of Saturn 42.0° East August 20, 2006 22:40:10 Mercury 31' north of Saturn 11.2° West August 26, 2006 23:09:47 Venus 4' north of Saturn 16.3° West September 15, 2006 20:32:28 Mercury 10' south of Mars 12.1° East October 24, 2006 19:44:11 Venus 43' north of Mars 0.6° West October 25, 2006 21:42:16 Mercury 3°56' south of Jupiter
2023 FW 14 is a small asteroid orbiting near the L 4 point of Mars (60 degrees ahead of Mars on its orbit). As of March 2024, it is the second known asteroid to orbit the leading L 4 point of Mars together with (121514) 1999 UJ 7, although at least 15 other asteroids orbit Mars's trailing L 5 point, including 5261 Eureka, (101429) 1998 VF 31, and 2007 NS 2. [3]