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Diagram of a vacuum flask Gustav Robert Paalen, Double Walled Vessel. Patent 27 June 1908, published 13 July 1909. The vacuum flask was designed and invented by Scottish scientist James Dewar in 1892 as a result of his research in the field of cryogenics and is sometimes called a Dewar flask in his honour.
The flasks are used to cooperate with vacuum aspirator or vacuum pumps in the vacuum filtration, or as additional security during the distillation and other processes carried out under reduced pressure. Culture flasks for growing cells are designed to improve aeration by including baffles that aid in mixing when placed on a shaker table.
A cryogenic storage dewar (or simply dewar) is a specialised type of vacuum flask used for storing cryogens (such as liquid nitrogen or liquid helium), whose boiling points are much lower than room temperature. It is named after inventor James Dewar, who developed it for his own work. They are commonly used in low-temperature physics and chemistry.
A Schlenk flask, or Schlenk tube, is a reaction vessel typically used in air-sensitive chemistry, invented by Wilhelm Schlenk.It has a side arm fitted with a PTFE or ground glass stopcock, which allows the vessel to be evacuated or filled with gases (usually inert gases like nitrogen or argon).
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Cross section of a Büchner Flask. Note the hose barb pointing right for attaching a vacuum source. A Büchner flask, also known as a vacuum flask, [1] filter flask, suction flask, side-arm flask, or Bunsen flask, is a thick-walled Erlenmeyer flask with a short glass tube and hose barb protruding about an inch from its neck.
In other cases, a purge-cycle technique is often employed, where the closed, reaction vessel connected to the line is filled with inert gas, evacuated with the vacuum and then refilled. This process is repeated 3 or more times to make sure air is rigorously removed. Moisture can be removed by heating the reaction vessel with a heat gun. [5]
Diagram of the vacuum filtration apparatus. By flowing through the aspirator, water will suck out the air contained in the vacuum flask and the Büchner flask.There is therefore a difference in pressure between the exterior and the interior of the flasks : the contents of the Büchner funnel are sucked towards the vacuum flask.
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