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The falx cerebri is a strong, crescent-shaped sheet of dura mater lying in the sagittal plane between the two cerebral hemispheres. [3] It is one of four dural partitions of the brain along with the falx cerebelli, tentorium cerebelli, and diaphragma sellae; it is formed through invagination of the dura mater into the longitudinal fissure between the cerebral hemispheres.
Hyperostosis frontalis interna is a common, benign thickening of the inner side of the frontal bone of the skull. It is found predominantly in women after menopause and is usually asymptomatic. Mostly frequently it is found as an incidental finding discovered during an X-ray or CT scan of the skull.
Microvascular decompression (MVD), also known as the Jannetta procedure, [1] is a neurosurgical procedure used to treat trigeminal neuralgia (along with other cranial nerve neuralgias), a pain syndrome characterized by severe episodes of intense facial pain, and hemifacial spasm.
Porotic hyperostosis, is a pathological condition that affects bones of the cranial vault, and is characterized by localized areas of spongy or porous bone tissue. [1] The diploë, or spongy tissue within the bones of the cranium, swells and the tissue of the outer surface becomes thinner and more porous in appearance.
Treatment is aimed at controlling symptoms, but there is no cure. Any bone or bones can be affected, but Paget's disease occurs most frequently in the spine, skull, pelvis, femur, and lower legs. Osteogenic sarcoma , a form of bone cancer , is a rare complication of Paget's disease occurring in less than one percent of those affected.
Dural strain may be pulling the cerebellum inferiorly, or skull distortions may be pushing the brain inferiorly. Dural ectasia is the enlargement of the dura and is common in connective tissue disorders, such as Marfan syndrome and Ehlers–Danlos syndrome. These conditions are sometimes found in conjunction with Arnold–Chiari malformation.
A compensatory mechanism involves the movement of cerebrospinal fluid from the cranial vault towards the spinal cord. [31] The volume of blood in the cranial vault is auto-regulated by the brain, and will therefore not decrease that easily. [31] Intracranial pressure will rise as a result of continued brain growth within the rigid skull. [17]
Cast of the Peking Man skull, showing the keel continuing onto the frontal bone Sagittal keel as seen in modern Homo sapiens. In the human skull, a sagittal keel, or sagittal torus, is a thickening of part or all of the midline of the frontal bone, or parietal bones where they meet along the sagittal suture, or on both bones.