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Operation Carthage, on 21 March 1945, was a British air raid on Copenhagen, Denmark during the Second World War which caused significant collateral damage. The target of the raid was the Shellhus , used as Gestapo headquarters in the city centre.
The Oxford companion to world war II (New York: Oxford University Press, 1995) Elting, John R. Battles for Scandinavia (Time-Life Books 1981) Haarr, Geirr. The Gathering Storm: Naval War in Northern Europe, September 1939 to April 1940 (2013) Haarr, Geirr. German Invasion of Norway: April 1940 (vol 1 2012); The Battle for Norway, April-June ...
21 March – The British Operation Carthage, an air raid targeting the local Gestapo headquarters in the Shell Building in central Copenhagen, goes wrong and 123 Danish civilians, including 87 school children, are killed. [2] 5 May – The occupation of Denmark ends with Nazi Germany's capitulation to the Allied Forces. [3]
The United Kingdom occupied Iceland on 10 May 1940 to pre-empt German occupation, turning it over to the then-neutral United States in July 1941, before the latter's entry into the war in December 1941. Officially remaining neutral throughout World War II, Iceland became a fully independent republic on 17 June 1944.
Assault on Copenhagen (1659), a major battle during the Second Northern War, taking place during the siege of Copenhagen by the Swedish army. Battle of Copenhagen (1801), a naval battle between a British fleet and the Dano-Norwegian Navy; Battle of Copenhagen (1807), a British bombardment of Copenhagen to capture or destroy the Dano-Norwegian fleet
27 January: The first World War II US mission flown against the German homeland bombs Kriegsmarine submarine pens in Wilhelmshaven. [27]: 107 5/6 March: The first raid of the Battle of the Ruhr [2] flew RAF Bomber Command's 100,000th sortie of World War II, with 160 acres destroyed and 53 Krupps buildings bombed at Essen.
The British attack on Copenhagen resulted in Denmark-Norway deciding to form an alliance with France, and on 31 October, the French-Danish alliance was signed at Fontainebleau. Denmark-Norway was now officially at war with Britain, which led to the British occupation of all the Danish colonies. [ 11 ]
The devastating bombing raids of Dortmund on 12 March 1945 with 1,108 aircraft – 748 Lancasters, 292 Halifaxes, 68 de Havilland Mosquitos – was a record attack on a single target in the whole of World War II. More than 4,800 tonnage of bombs was dropped through the city centre and the south of the city and destroyed 98% of buildings.