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where C is the circumference of a circle, d is the diameter, and r is the radius.More generally, = where L and w are, respectively, the perimeter and the width of any curve of constant width.
The number π (/ p aɪ / ⓘ; spelled out as "pi") is a mathematical constant, approximately equal to 3.14159, that is the ratio of a circle's circumference to its diameter.It appears in many formulae across mathematics and physics, and some of these formulae are commonly used for defining π, to avoid relying on the definition of the length of a curve.
In mathematics, the Leibniz formula for π, named after Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, states that = + + = = +,. an alternating series.. It is sometimes called the Madhava–Leibniz series as it was first discovered by the Indian mathematician Madhava of Sangamagrama or his followers in the 14th–15th century (see Madhava series), [1] and was later independently rediscovered by James Gregory in ...
A lakh (/ l æ k, l ɑː k /; abbreviated L; sometimes written lac [1]) is a unit in the Indian numbering system equal to one hundred thousand (100,000; scientific notation: 10 5). [1] [2] In the Indian 2, 2, 3 convention of digit grouping, it is written as 1,00,000. [3]
Bombay issued 1-pie, 1 ⁄ 4-, 1 ⁄ 2-, 1-, 1 1 ⁄ 2-, 2- and 4-paise coins. In Madras, there were copper coins for two and four pies and one, two and four paise, with the first two denominated as 1 ⁄ 2 and one dub (or 1 ⁄ 96 and 1 ⁄ 48) rupee. Madras also issued the Madras fanam until 1815.
Paisa = 1 ⁄ 100 of an Indian rupee (only 50 paisa coins are de facto valid but no longer in circulation) Paisa = 1 ⁄ 100 of a Nepalese rupee (no longer in circulation) Baisa = 1 ⁄ 1000 of an Omani rial; Paisa = 1 ⁄ 100 of a Pakistani rupee (Officially demonetized from 1 October 2014) [6]
The Indiana pi bill was bill 246 of the 1897 sitting of the Indiana General Assembly, one of the most notorious attempts to establish mathematical truth by legislative fiat. Despite its name, the main result claimed by the bill is a method to square the circle .
is called the real projective line, which is topologically equivalent to a circle. is called the real projective plane.This space cannot be embedded in .It can however be embedded in and can be immersed in (see here).