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The complications of diabetes can dramatically impair quality of life and cause long-lasting disability. Overall, complications are far less common and less severe in people with well-controlled blood sugar levels. [3] [4] [5] Some non-modifiable risk factors such as age at diabetes onset, type of diabetes, gender, and genetics may influence risk.
Diabetes, also known as diabetes mellitus, is a group of common endocrine diseases characterized by sustained high blood sugar levels. [ 10 ] [ 11 ] Diabetes is due to either the pancreas not producing enough insulin , or the cells of the body becoming unresponsive to the hormone's effects. [ 12 ]
People with type 1 diabetes mellitus who must take insulin in full replacement doses are most vulnerable to episodes of hypoglycemia (low blood glucose levels). This can occur if a person takes too much insulin or diabetic medication, does strenuous exercise without eating additional food, misses meals, consumes too much alcohol, or consumes alcohol without food. [5]
Causes of Type 2 Diabetes. When someone says they have diabetes, it’s most likely type 2. That’s because type 2 diabetes is the most common type of diabetes, making up 90 to 95 percent of ...
The long-term complications associated with type 2 diabetes, like damage to your organs, can begin during prediabetes. So, despite the “pre,” it’s still a serious health condition.
Experts agree that a diet rich in fruits and veggies is the way to go. Fruits can provide essential nutrients, fiber and a host of other health benefits. If you enjoy fruits frequently, that's great.
Symptoms typically come on quickly. [8] The most common cause of hypoglycemia is medications used to treat diabetes mellitus such as insulin and sulfonylureas. [9] [10] Risk is greater in diabetics who have eaten less than usual, exercised more than usual or have drunk alcohol. [8]
Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a potentially life-threatening complication of diabetes mellitus. [1] Signs and symptoms may include vomiting, abdominal pain, deep gasping breathing, increased urination, weakness, confusion and occasionally loss of consciousness. [1] A person's breath may develop a specific "fruity" smell. [1]