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Animals can also be internally diagnosed via necropsy by identifying petroleum hydrocarbons in their fat, liver, or kidney tissues [2] For damage assessments, the death of the animal must have occurred after the oil spill. [1] The severity of damage directly correlates with the amount of oil spilled and the animal's exposure to oil. [4]
By 1911, hunting for the animal's luxurious fur had reduced the sea otter population to fewer than 2000 individuals in the most remote and inaccessible parts of its range. The IUCN lists the sea otter as an endangered species. Threats to sea otters include oil spills, and a major spill can rapidly kill thousands of the animals.
[18] [19] Oil spills harm bayous as oil is toxic to most animals. In vapor form, oil leads to lung, liver, and nervous system dysfunction if inhaled. [20] Ingested oil poses threats to the digestive tract. [20] Oil matts feathers and fur, resulting in disruptions in the animal's ability to insulate themselves in colder temperatures.
Marine pollution made further international headlines after the 1967 crash of the oil tanker Torrey Canyon, and after the 1969 Santa Barbara oil spill off the coast of California. [citation needed] Marine pollution was a major area of discussion during the 1972 United Nations Conference on the Human Environment, held in Stockholm.
The Lobitos oil spill occurred on December 21, 2024, during pre-shipment maneuvers for oil on the Polyaigos vessel at the Talara Refinery underwater terminal, managed by Petroperú in the district of Lobitos, located in the province of Talara in Piura, Peru. The presence of hydrocarbons was detected during certification for loading procedures.
The oil spill directly affected Atlantic bluefin tuna, as approximately 12% of larval tuna were located in oil-contaminated waters, [9] and Gulf of Mexico is the only known spawning grounds for the western population of bluefin tuna. [7] A decaying fish trapped in oil inside the Bay of Isles, Alaska after the Exxon Valdez oil spill.
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Prudhoe Bay oil spill, 2006 – Up to 267,000 US gallons (1,010 m 3; 6,400 bbl) of oil were spilled from a BP pipeline in Alaska. Kingston Fossil Plant coal fly ash slurry spill , 2008 – 1.1 billion US gallons (4,200,000 m 3 ) of slurry spilled from a coal plant, covering 300 acres, flowing down several rivers, destroying homes and ...