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The laryngeal cavity (cavity of the larynx) extends from the laryngeal inlet downwards to the lower border of the cricoid cartilage where it is continuous with that of the trachea. [ 11 ] [ 12 ] It is divided into two parts by the projection of the vocal folds , between which is a narrow triangular opening, the rima glottidis .
It is separated from the hyoid bone by a mucous bursa, which allows for the upward movement of the larynx during swallowing. [1] Its middle thicker part is termed the median thyrohyoid ligament. [1] Its lateral thinner portions are pierced by the superior laryngeal vessels and the internal branch of the superior laryngeal nerve. [1]
It contains the vestibular folds, and between these and the vocal folds are the laryngeal ventricles. [1] The vestibule is an opening in the lateral wall of the larynx, between the vestibular fold above and the vocal folds below. It is the inlet to another cavity in the lateral wall of larynx, the laryngeal ventricle.
The vestibular fold (ventricular fold, superior or false vocal cord) is one of two thick folds of mucous membrane, each enclosing a narrow band of fibrous tissue, the vestibular ligament, which is attached in front to the angle of the thyroid cartilage immediately below the attachment of the epiglottis, and behind to the antero-lateral surface of the arytenoid cartilage, a short distance above ...
A superior laryngeal nerve palsy changes the pitch of the voice and causes an inability to make explosive sounds due to paralysis of the cricothyroid muscle. If no recovery is evident three months after the palsy initially presents, the damage is most likely to be permanent.
To oscillate, the vocal folds are brought near enough together such that air pressure builds up beneath the larynx. The folds are pushed apart by this increased subglottal pressure, with the inferior part of each fold leading the superior part. Such a wave-like motion causes a transfer of energy from the airflow to the fold tissues. [29]
The superior margin of the cricoid arch is rather elliptical in outline; the inferior margin is nearly horizontal and circular in outline. [1] The cricoid arch is palpable inferior to the laryngeal prominence, with an interval containing a depression (beneath which is the conus elasticus) between the two. [1]
The cricothyroid muscle is the only tensor muscle of the larynx aiding with phonation. It is innervated by the superior laryngeal nerve. It is innervated by the superior laryngeal nerve. Its action tilts the thyroid forward to help tense the vocal cords , thus increasing the pitch of the voice.