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Contextual design (CD) is a user-centered design process developed by Hugh Beyer and Karen Holtzblatt. It incorporates ethnographic methods for gathering data relevant to the product via field studies, rationalizing workflows , and designing human–computer interfaces .
Art-based research is a mode of formal qualitative inquiry that uses artistic processes in order to understand and articulate the subjectivity of human experience. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] The term was first coined by Elliot Eisner (1933–2014) who was a professor of Art and Education at the Stanford Graduate School of Education and one of the United ...
Quantitative analysis also takes a deductive approach. [8] Examples of content-analytical variables and constructs can be found, for example, in the open-access database DOCA. This database compiles, systematizes, and evaluates relevant content-analytical variables of communication and political science research areas and topics.
Visual research is a qualitative research methodology that relies on artistic mediums to produce and represent knowledge. These artistic mediums include film, photography, drawings, paintings, and sculptures. The artistic mediums provide a rich source of information that has the ability to capture reality.
In this way, art itself becomes analytical and self-aware. The subjective frame comprises mainly feelings and emotions expressed, and of audience response or interpretation. The structural frame refers to physical techniques and principles applied to the artwork, such as mediums , overall structure, facture [ 2 ] and the use of symbols.
Likewise, conceptual frameworks are abstract representations, connected to the research project's goal that direct the collection and analysis of data (on the plane of observation – the ground). Critically, a football play is a "plan of action" tied to a particular, timely, purpose, usually summarized as long or short yardage. [ 15 ]
Both exhibition and publication aimed to establish grounds for recognizing a new form of artistic practice emerging in the early 1990s. The presentation displayed different approaches though all shared an interest in the use of methods of contextualization to reveal connections between the art works and their conditions of production, whether these were formal, social, or ideologically defined.
Content analysis is an important building block in the conceptual analysis of qualitative data. It is frequently used in sociology. For example, content analysis has been applied to research on such diverse aspects of human life as changes in perceptions of race over time, [35] the lifestyles of contractors, [36] and even reviews of automobiles ...