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The British monarchy traces its origins to the petty kingdoms of Anglo-Saxon England and early medieval Scotland, which consolidated into the kingdoms of England and Scotland by the 10th century. The Norman and Plantagenet dynasties expanded their authority throughout the British Isles , creating the Lordship of Ireland in 1177 and conquering ...
The Electorate later Kingdom of Hanover was in personal union with the British monarchy from 1714 to 1837. (Orange; borders shown 1814–1866.) (Orange; borders shown 1814–1866.) In 1714, Queen Anne was succeeded by her second cousin, and Sophia's son, George I , Elector of Hanover , who consolidated his position by defeating Jacobite ...
The House of Windsor is the reigning house of the United Kingdom and the other Commonwealth realms.The house's name was inspired by the historic Windsor Castle estate. Since it was founded on 17 July 1917, there have been five British monarchs of the House of Windsor: George V, Edward VIII, George VI, Elizabeth II, and Charles III.
These Kingdoms were independent of the British Crown, but were held in personal union with the United Kingdom and followed the same rules of succession. Monarchies listed under 'Queen' only had Elizabeth II as their sovereign, and thus never had a reigning king. Dates indicate the year the monarchy was formed and the year of its dissolution.
George Louis became the first British monarch of the House of Hanover as George I in 1714. [3]: 13 The dynasty provided six British monarchs: Of the Kingdoms of Great Britain and Ireland (changed in 1801 to the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland): [note 1] George I (r. 1714–1727) (Georg Ludwig = George Louis)
Queen Elizabeth II is the longest-reigning monarch of the United Kingdom—2022 marks 70 years since her ascension to the throne. Next in line on the royal family tree is Prince Charles, her son ...
For centuries, English official public documents have been dated according to the regnal years of the ruling monarch.Traditionally, parliamentary statutes are referenced by regnal year, e.g. the Occasional Conformity Act 1711 is officially referenced as "10 Ann. c. 6" (read as "the sixth chapter of the statute of the parliamentary session that sat in the 10th year of the reign of Queen Anne").
With the Elizabeth II's historic reign at an end, the royal family faces unprecedented — perhaps existential — challenges.