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Zika fever (also known as Zika virus disease) is an illness caused by Zika virus. [79] Around 80% of cases are estimated to be asymptomatic, though the accuracy of this figure is hindered by the wide variance in data quality, and figures from different outbreaks can vary significantly. [ 80 ]
Though Zika virus has been shown to infect human Schwann cells. [23] Several countries affected by Zika outbreaks have reported increases in the rate of new cases of GBS. During the 2013–2014 outbreak in French Polynesia there were 42 reported cases of GBS over three months, compared to between 3 and 10 annually before the outbreak. [24]
Flavivirus, renamed Orthoflavivirus in 2023, [3] is a genus of positive-strand RNA viruses in the family Flaviviridae.The genus includes the West Nile virus, dengue virus, tick-borne encephalitis virus, yellow fever virus, Zika virus and several other viruses which may cause encephalitis, [4] as well as insect-specific flaviviruses (ISFs) such as cell fusing agent virus (CFAV), Palm Creek ...
Legler used BLAST to search for host protein substrates for the nsP2 protease of the Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV) and the protease from Zika virus. These viruses are Group 4 (+)ssRNA viruses. Short ~20-25 amino acid sequences from the viral polyprotein [2] containing the scissile bond were used to search the human proteome. Many ...
The mechanism of transmission of this disease starts with the injection of the parasite into the victim's blood when malaria-infected female Anopheles mosquitoes bite into a human being. The parasite uses human liver cells as hosts for maturation where it will continue to replicate and grow, moving into other areas of the body via the bloodstream.
The Flaviviridae are part of RNA virus supergroup II, which includes certain plant viruses and bacterial viruses. [2] The family has four genera: [1] [2] Genus Flavivirus, renamed Orthoflavivirus in 2023, (includes Dengue virus, Japanese encephalitis, Kyasanur Forest disease, Powassan virus, West Nile virus, Yellow fever virus, and Zika virus)
For example, the human body louse transmits the bacterium Rickettsia prowazekii which causes epidemic typhus. Although invertebrate-transmitted diseases pose a particular threat on the continents of Africa, Asia and South America, there is one way of controlling invertebrate-borne diseases, which is by controlling the invertebrate vector.
Transcription of mRNAs initiated by viral polymerase using cap snatching. The first step of transcription for some negative, single-stranded RNA viruses is cap snatching, in which the first 10 to 20 residues of a host cell RNA are removed (snatched) and used as the 5′ cap and primer to initiate the synthesis of the nascent viral mRNA. [1]