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John Galt (c. 1819–1862) was the first superintendent of the Eastern Lunatic Asylum in Williamsburg, Virginia. He was a figure in reform of the mental health system in the United States during the mid-19th century. He advocated for the "moral" treatment of patients as well as music, occupational and recreational therapy.
Dr. John M. Galt. In 1841, Dr. John Galt was appointed superintendent of the hospital, with roughly 125 patients (then called "inmates") at the time. Dr. Galt introduced Moral treatment practices, a school of thought which viewed those with mental illness as deserving of respect and dignity rather than punishment for their behavior.
Dr. John Galt, superintendent of Eastern Lunatic Asylum at Williamsburg believed that free blacks and whites could be treated medically in the same facility as he had demonstrated. [4] However, Dr. Francis Stribling, superintendent of Western Lunatic Asylum at Staunton refused to admit either free or enslaved blacks to his institution. [5]
Dr. John Galt romanticized this medieval model as an ideal setting for the cure of the disease, thus causing a rift among the self-named “brethren” of asylum superintendents. The cottages varied in size from those which accommodated six to a dozen patients to larger ones which accommodated 20 or more.
The American Journal of Insanity (AJI) was first published in June, 1844, by Amariah Brigham, Superintendent of the New York State Lunatic Asylum at Utica.He was said to have been the author of the entire first issue, which included six articles, a list of existing mental asylums in the U.S., and notes on insanity from France.
In 1876, it was called Eastern Kentucky Lunatic Asylum. On January 2, 1912, the General Assembly, Commonwealth of Kentucky, officially renamed the facility Eastern State Hospital. During the 1960s there was a growth of the community mental health system throughout Kentucky until there was a center in most counties.
1851 Society report. The Alleged Lunatics' Friend Society was an advocacy group started by former asylum patients and their supporters in 19th-century Britain. The Society campaigned for greater protection against wrongful confinement or cruel and improper treatment, and for reform of the lunacy laws.
The Hudson River State Hospital is a former New York state psychiatric hospital which operated from 1873 until its closure in the early 2000s. The campus is notable for its main building, known as a "Kirkbride," which has been designated a National Historic Landmark due to its exemplary High Victorian Gothic architecture, the first use of that style for an American institutional building.