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Neoplasticism (or neo-plasticism), originating from the Dutch Nieuwe Beelding, is an avant-garde art theory proposed by Piet Mondrian [a] in 1917 and initially employed by the De Stijl art movement. The most notable proponents of this theory were Mondrian and another Dutch artist, Theo van Doesburg . [ 1 ]
In 1920, Mondrian expressed his belief that art should strive to express deeper truths about the world, rather than imitate life on its surface alone, and endeavor towards artistic freedom, publishing an essay entitled "Neo-Plasticism."
Pieter Cornelis Mondriaan (Dutch: [ˈpitər kɔrˈneːlɪs ˈmɔndrijaːn]; 7 March 1872 – 1 February 1944), known after 1911 as Piet Mondrian (/ p iː t ˈ m ɒ n d r i ɑː n /, US also /-ˈ m ɔː n-/, Dutch: [pit ˈmɔndrijɑn]), was a Dutch painter and art theoretician who is regarded as one of the greatest artists of the 20th century.
The Red Tree is the first painting in Mondrian’s Trees series, which defined an important period of evolution in Mondrian’s work as he transitioned to Neoplasticism. [2] Mondrian used The Red Tree to express his views of nature and reality as a complex equilibrium between harsh motion and quiet stillness. [1]
The yellow sky is blocked by a central cloud in the painting. The colors of the sky shift from the realistic towards the abstract with bold colors, to emphasize a spiritual essence. [2] Mondrian would fully transition to Neoplasticism in 1917, and in 1919 said of his transition: I expressed myself by means of nature.
In his opinion, the neoplastic art will in future replace religion. And artist's role – "as priest of this religious art – will consist in helping the common man reach the desired after inner balance." [84] [note 15] Mondrian chose for his "monumental triptych" Evolution, a theme which is one of the main doctrines in the Theosophical teaching.
In 1917, Mondrian was one of the founding members of the Dutch art group De Stijl ("The Style"), an abstract movement which sought unification of material and spiritual worlds through pure geometry. Composition with Grid No. 1 , painted in 1918, was an early painting to adopt this style.
De Stijl (/ d ə ˈ s t aɪ l /, Dutch: [də ˈstɛil]; 'The Style') was a Dutch art movement founded in 1917 by a group of artists and architects based in Leiden (Theo van Doesburg, J.J.P. Oud), Voorburg (Vilmos Huszár, Jan Wils) and Laren (Piet Mondrian, Bart van der Leck).