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Antifreeze is commonly consumed due to its sweet taste cause by the ethylene glycol, [38] and is also commonly consumed as a surrogate alcohol due to its high alcohol contents. To prevent consumption due to taste, many brands have bitter additives, but many [ 39 ] [ 40 ] [ 41 ] studies do not support the idea bitter additives reduce ingestions.
Other rare causes of hyperthermia include thyrotoxicosis and an adrenal gland tumor, called pheochromocytoma, both of which can cause increased heat production. [2] Damage to the central nervous system from brain hemorrhage, traumatic brain injury, status epilepticus , and other kinds of injury to the hypothalamus can also cause hyperthermia.
Heat illness is a spectrum of disorders due to increased body temperature. It can be caused by either environmental conditions or by exertion.It includes minor conditions such as heat cramps, heat syncope, and heat exhaustion as well as the more severe condition known as heat stroke. [1]
Treatment for antifreeze poisoning needs to be started as soon after ingestion as possible to be effective; the earlier treatment is started, the greater the chance of survival. [6] [43] Cats must be treated within 3 hours of ingesting of antifreeze to be effective, while dogs must be treated within 8–12 hours of ingestion. [9]
Heat stress can result in heat-related illnesses, such as heat stroke, hyperthermia, heat exhaustion, heat cramps, heat rashes, and chronic kidney disease (CKD). [ 2 ] [ 3 ] Although heat exhaustion is less severe, heat stroke is a medical emergency and requires emergency treatment , which if not provided, can lead to death .
The coolant used in many liquid-cooled engines must be renewed periodically and can freeze at ordinary temperatures thus causing permanent engine damage when it expands. Air-cooled engines do not require coolant service, and do not suffer damage from freezing, two commonly cited advantages for air-cooled engines.
These can be classified in various ways, such as by time or cause. Failures can be caused by excess temperature, excess current or voltage, ionizing radiation, mechanical shock, stress or impact, and many other causes. In semiconductor devices, problems in the device package may cause failures due to contamination, mechanical stress of the ...
The following list includes categories often applied to HHW. It is important to note that many of these categories overlap and that many household wastes can fall into multiple categories: Paints and solvents; Automotive wastes (used motor oil, antifreeze, old gasoline, etc.) Pesticides (insecticides, herbicides, fungicides, etc.)