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This means that the sperm is produced in the testes but on its way out, it gets misdirected into the bladder rather than coming out through the urethra. This can lead to a low volume of semen (hypospermia) or no semen production . Structural or functional damage to the bladder neck muscle causes the backflow of semen during the ejaculation.
A single semen sample is not determining for disease diagnosis, so two different samples have to be analyzed with an interval between them of seven days to three months, as sperm production is a cyclic process. It is prudent to ask about possible sample loss, as that could mask true results of spermiogram.
When performing cryopreservation of semen, it is the sperm quality after reviving the sample that is of importance, because many sperm cells die in the process. To be of use in assisted reproductive technology , the sample should after thawing have more than 5 million motile sperm cells per ml with a good grade of mobility.
Usually, men will be able to observe a runny/fluid, low-volume semen by themselves during masturbation. Since the seminal vesicles contain a viscous, alkaline fluid rich in fructose, a chemical analysis of the semen of affected men will result in a low concentration of fructose and a low pH. A microscopic semen analysis will reveal aspermia ...
Hypogonadism can involve just hormone production or just fertility, but most commonly involves both. [citation needed] Examples of hypogonadism that affect hormone production more than fertility are hypopituitarism and Kallmann syndrome; in both cases, fertility is reduced until hormones are replaced but can be achieved solely with hormone ...
A man with poor semen quality will often present with fertility problems which is defined as a couple trying to conceive for over 1 year with no success. [16] Diagnosis can be made from semen analysis, taking a sample of the man's semen and running tests to count numbers and quality of the individual sperm.
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Terms oligospermia, oligozoospermia, and low sperm count refer to semen with a low concentration of sperm [1] and is a common finding in male infertility. Often semen with a decreased sperm concentration may also show significant abnormalities in sperm morphology and motility (technically oligoasthenoteratozoospermia ).