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Though Athens is commonly cited in discussions about Greek law, Sparta also developed a lasting legal code, attributed early on to Lycurgus. Though there is controversy about the existence of Lycurgus, the first written record of Lycurgus as the Spartan lawgiver is attributed to Herodotus in the 5th century BCE. [ 14 ]
The Draconian constitution, or Draco's code, was a written law code enforced by Draco in Athens near the end of the 7th century BC; its composition started around 621 BC. It was written in response to the unjust interpretation and modification of oral law by Athenian aristocrats. [4]
It may also refer to the following historical constitutional and legal codes under which Athens was governed at various periods: Draconian constitution, the code of laws in Athens written by Draco in the last quarter of the seventh century BC; Solonian constitution, the constitution implemented in Athens by Solon in the early sixth century BC
Alexander the Great's relations with Athens later strained when he returned to Babylon in 324 BC; after his death, Athens and Sparta led several states to war with Macedonia and lost. [25] This led to the Hellenistic control of Athens, with the Macedonian king appointing a local agent as political governor in Athens.
"Constitution of Athens" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 7 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 16–18. This includes a summary of the topics of chapters 2–41 of Part I and 43–61 or Part II. Constitution of the Athenians, translated by Harris Rackham; The Constitution of Athens public domain audiobook at LibriVox
Draco (/ ˈ d r eɪ k oʊ /; Ancient Greek: Δράκων, romanized: Drakōn, fl. c. 625 – c. 600 BC), also called Drako or Drakon, according to Athenian tradition, was the first legislator of Athens in Ancient Greece. He replaced the system of oral law and blood feud by the Draconian constitution, a written code to be enforced only by a ...
A typical meeting of the Assembly probably contained around 6,000 people, out of a total citizen population of 30,000–60,000. It would have been difficult, however, for non-wealthy people outside the urban center of Athens to attend until reimbursements for attendance were introduced in the 390s.
The law courts of ancient Athens (4th and 6th centuries BC) were a fundamental organ of democratic governance. According to Aristotle , whoever controls the courts controls the state. These courts were jury courts and very large ones: the smallest possible had 200 members (+1 to avoid ties) and sometimes 501, 1000 or 1500.