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There are 69 species of cycad from 4 genera and 3 families of eastern and northern Australia, with a few in south-western Western Australia and central Australia [clarification needed]. Native conifers are distributed across 3 taxonomic families ( Cupressaceae , Podocarpaceae , Araucariaceae ), 14 genera and 43 species, of which 39 are endemic.
Most conifers are monoecious, but some are subdioecious or dioecious; all are wind-pollinated. Conifer seeds develop inside a protective cone called a strobilus. The cones take from four months to three years to reach maturity, and vary in size from 2 to 600 millimetres (1 ⁄ 8 to 23 + 5 ⁄ 8 in) long.
The order Pinales in the division Pinophyta, class Pinopsida, comprises all the extant conifers. The distinguishing characteristic is the reproductive structure known as a cone produced by all Pinales. All of the extant conifers, such as Araucaria, cedar, celery-pine, cypress, fir, juniper, kauri, larch, pine, redwood, spruce, and yew, are ...
The alpine environments where these conifers occur have high levels of conifer endemism, which is an ecologically habitat for coniferous shrub species. [4] Coniferous shrub species can be observed in Mount Field National Park in Tasmania's south west along the Tarn Shelf. All species can be observed in rocky environments with shallow soil above ...
Callitris is a genus of coniferous trees in the Cupressaceae (cypress family). There are 16 recognized species in the genus, of which 13 are native to Australia and the other three (C. neocaledonica, C. sulcata and C. pancheri) native to New Caledonia. [1]
Araucaria heterophylla (synonym A. excelsa) is a species of conifer.As its vernacular name Norfolk Island pine (or Norfolk pine) implies, the tree is endemic to Norfolk Island, an external territory of Australia located in the Pacific Ocean between New Zealand and New Caledonia.
Podocarpus (/ ˌ p oʊ d ə ˈ k ɑːr p ə s / [2]) is a genus of conifers, the most numerous and widely distributed of the podocarp family, the Podocarpaceae. Podocarpus species are evergreen shrubs or trees, usually from 1 to 25 m (3 to 82 ft) tall, known to reach 40 m (130 ft) at times.
Araucaria bidwillii, commonly known as the bunya pine (/ ˈ b ʌ n j ə /), [4] banya [5] or bunya-bunya, is a large evergreen coniferous tree in the family Araucariaceae which is endemic to Australia.