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Planting rootworm-resistant transgenic corn is another strategy for minimizing damage. [17] Bt corn is effective at reducing root damage and is safer and often cheaper than insecticide. The transgenic traits, isolated from the common soil bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis strain (often referred to as Bt), produce the insect control protein.
Diabrotica undecimpunctata, the spotted cucumber beetle or southern corn rootworm, is a species of cucumber beetle that is native to North America. The species can be a major agricultural pest insect in North America. Spotted cucumber beetles cause damage to crops in the larval and adult stages of their life cycle.
It includes two subspecies, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera (the western corn rootworm) and Diabrotica virgifera zeae (the Mexican corn rootworm). [2]
Spotted cucumber beetle, northern corn rootworm beetle, and western corn rootworm beetle Western corn rootworm. Cucumber beetle is a common name given to members of two genera of beetles, Diabrotica and Acalymma, both in the family Chrysomelidae. [1] The adults can be found on cucurbits such as cucumbers and a variety of other plants.
Diabrotica barberi R. Smith & Lawrence, 1967 - northern corn rootworm; Diabrotica barclayi Derunkov, Rocha Prado, Tishechkin & Konstantinov, 2015; Diabrotica balteata LeConte, 1865 - banded cucumber beetle; Diabrotica bartleti Baly, 1890; Diabrotica beniensis Krysan & Smith, 1987; Diabrotica biannularis Harold, 1875; Diabrotica bilineata Baly, 1890
In 1996, the first GM maize producing a Bt Cry protein was approved, which killed the European corn borer and related species; subsequent Bt genes were introduced that killed corn rootworm larvae. [15] The Philippine Government has promoted Bt corn, hoping for insect resistance and higher yields. [16]
Diabrotica barberi, the northern corn rootworm, is a species of skeletonizing leaf beetle in the family Chrysomelidae. It is found in North America. [1] [2] [3] Adults feed on corn, and, when corn is unavailable, goldenrod pollen. [4]
During 2009 and 2010, some Iowa fields showed severe injury to corn producing Bt toxin Cry3Bb1 by western corn rootworm. During 2011, mCry3A corn also displayed insect damage, including cross-resistance between these toxins. Resistance persisted and spread in Iowa. Bt corn that targets western corn rootworm does not produce a high dose of Bt ...