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  2. Palisade cell - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palisade_cell

    Diagram of the internal structure of a leaf. Palisade cell, or palisade mesophyll cell are plant cells located inside the mesophyll of most green leaves.They are vertically elongated and are stacked side by side, in contrast to the irregular and loosely arranged spongy mesophyll cells beneath them.

  3. Ground tissue - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ground_tissue

    Parenchyma cells have a variety of functions: In leaves, they form two layers of mesophyll cells immediately beneath the epidermis of the leaf, that are responsible for photosynthesis and the exchange of gases. [2] These layers are called the palisade parenchyma and spongy mesophyll. Palisade parenchyma cells can be either cuboidal or elongated.

  4. Leaf - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leaf

    A leaf (pl.: leaves) is a principal appendage of the stem of a vascular plant, [1] usually borne laterally above ground and specialized for photosynthesis.Leaves are collectively called foliage, as in "autumn foliage", [2] [3] while the leaves, stem, flower, and fruit collectively form the shoot system. [4]

  5. Vascular bundle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vascular_bundle

    In a leaf, the adaxial surface of the leaf will usually be the upper side, with the abaxial surface the lower side. The sugars synthesized by the plant with sun light are transported by the phloem, which is closer to the lower surface. Aphids and leaf hoppers feed off of these sugars by tapping into the phloem. This is why aphids and leaf ...

  6. Plant cell - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plant_cell

    Structure of a plant cell. Plant cells are the cells present in green plants, photosynthetic eukaryotes of the kingdom Plantae.Their distinctive features include primary cell walls containing cellulose, hemicelluloses and pectin, the presence of plastids with the capability to perform photosynthesis and store starch, a large vacuole that regulates turgor pressure, the absence of flagella or ...

  7. Chloroplast - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloroplast

    Within a leaf, chloroplasts are mainly found in the mesophyll layers of a leaf, and the guard cells of stomata. Palisade mesophyll cells can contain 30–70 chloroplasts per cell, while stomatal guard cells contain only around 8–15 per cell, as well as much less chlorophyll .

  8. Polylepis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polylepis

    Depending on the position of the largest pair, the leaf can be trullate to obtrullate in taxa with more than one leaflet pair. [2] Leaf anatomy: The leaves of all species are built on a dorsiventral arrangement of cells, with the epidermis and palisade layer on the adaxial surface and the spongy tissue on the abaxial surface. [2]

  9. C4 carbon fixation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C4_carbon_fixation

    The primary function of kranz anatomy is to provide a site in which CO 2 can be concentrated around RuBisCO, thereby avoiding photorespiration. Mesophyll and bundle sheath cells are connected through numerous cytoplasmic sleeves called plasmodesmata whose permeability at leaf level is called bundle sheath conductance.