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[a] Berlin, Hamburg and Bremen (with its seaport exclave, Bremerhaven) are called Stadtstaaten ("city-states"), while the other thirteen states are called Flächenländer ("area states") and include Bavaria, Saxony, and Thuringia, which describe themselves as Freistaaten ("free states").
The Federal Republic of Germany (FRG) has 16 states (German: Bundesländer singular: Bundesland). The biggest is Bavaria and the smallest is Bremen. Most of them were created after the Second World War. Some states have historical roots from the early Middle Ages. State creation since 1949:
Since reunification in 1990, the Federal Republic of Germany has had 16 rather than just eleven Länder or federal states, the five new states being Brandenburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Saxony, Saxony-Anhalt and Thuringia.
The territory of Germany can be subdivided into two ecoregions: European-Mediterranean montane mixed forests and Northeast-Atlantic shelf marine. [26] The majority of Germany is covered by either arable land (33%) or forestry and woodland (31%). Only 15% is covered by permanent pastures.
There are 13 area states in Germany (Flächenländer), and 3 city states (Stadtstaaten), Berlin, Hamburg and Bremen. The latter actually consists of Bremen and Bremerhaven. Head of a state is the Ministerpräsident in the area states, and the Bürgermeister in the city states.
Discover Germany's 16 federal states, their unique cultures, histories, administrative structures. Learn how each state contributes to the nation's diversity
The geography of Germany generally consists of four regions: the North German Plain, the Central Uplands, the Southern German Scarplands, and the Bavarian Alps.
Germany consists of very different regions: the people in the south and north, in the west and east, sometimes speak dialects typical of the areas and are often ascribed certain characteristics. For example, you expect hanseatic restraint from the resident of North German Hamburg, and southern German warmth from a Bavarian; these at least are ...