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On 20 or 21 July 2022, [14] [9] about 500 al-Shabaab fighters [8] crossed the border at Yeed [9] from Somalia's Bakool into Ethiopia's Afder Zone. [14] The invading force reportedly mostly consisted of militants recruited from Ethiopia itself. [8] Al-Shabaab's "Ethiopian Front", led by Ali Diyaar, was known to have taken part in the operation. [3]
On July 4, 2022, alleged Oromo Liberation Army militants killed hundreds of civilians in Kelam Welega Zone, Oromia in Ethiopia. [5] The massacre sparked condemnation from Ethiopian prime minister Abiy Ahmed, and was the second mass killing in Oromia region after the Gimbi massacre just a week prior. [6] Qelem is also known as Kellem.
On June 4, 2024, the United States-based New Lines Institute released a comprehensive 120-page report concluding that there is strong evidence of genocidal acts committed by Ethiopian forces and their allies during the Tigray war. [10] The report calls for Ethiopia to be prosecuted at the International Court of Justice (ICJ).
[21] Two days after the attack famous Ethiopian singer Teddy Afro released a song "Na'at" ("unleavened bread") which reflects "the dark time of Ethiopia". [22] [23] According to HRW, as of 31 August 2022 the government had failed to provide adequate shelter, food, medical care, and security for the affected communities. Residents said little ...
Between 14–18 October 2022, Ethiopian troops aided by Eritrean forces launched an offensive into Shire, in the separatist Tigray region.While Shire had been at the forefront of the conflict since 2020, the October 2022 offensive towards the town solidified Ethiopian and Eritrean control over it, and was the last major battle before peace negotiations began that November.
The Tigray war [b] was an armed conflict that lasted from 3 November 2020 [a] to 3 November 2022. [44] [45] It was a civil war [46] that was primarily fought in the Tigray Region of Ethiopia between forces allied to the Ethiopian federal government and Eritrea on one side, and the Tigray People's Liberation Front (TPLF) on the other.
After two years of shifting alliances and conflicts, TPLF and the Ethiopian government signed a peace treaty in Pretoria on 2 November 2022. However, sporadic civil conflicts continued such as the Gambela unrest , OLA insurgency , and War in Amhara , the latter two carried out by OLA and Fano militants against the federal government.