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Voting behavior refers to how people decide how to vote. [1] This decision is shaped by a complex interplay between an individual voter's attitudes as well as social factors. [1] Voter attitudes include characteristics such as ideological predisposition, party identity, degree of satisfaction with the existing government, public policy leanings ...
Public choice, or public choice theory, is "the use of economic tools to deal with traditional problems of political science." [1] It includes the study of political behavior. In political science, it is the subset of positive political theory that studies self-interested agents (voters, politicians, bureaucrats) and their interactions, which ...
In social choice theory, Condorcet's voting paradox is a fundamental discovery by the Marquis de Condorcet that majority rule is inherently self-contradictory.The result implies that it is logically impossible for any voting system to guarantee a winner will have support from a majority of voters: in some situations, a majority of voters will prefer A to B, B to C, and also C to A, even if ...
The full precinct is counted here in the general election results when part of the precinct falls within the district because they are not further broken down. Virginia Districts 9 and 71 had no Republican candidate run in special elections, only a Democrat and Libertarian. Democratic candidates are compared to Libertarians here.
The Bradley effect, less commonly known as the Wilder effect, [1][2] is a theory concerning observed discrepancies between voter opinion polls and election outcomes in some United States government elections where a white candidate and a non-white candidate run against each other. [3][4][5] The theory proposes that some white voters who intend ...
t. e. A by-election, also known as a special election in the United States and the Philippines, and a bye-election or a bypoll in India, is an election used to fill an office that has become vacant between general elections. A vacancy may arise as a result of an incumbent dying or resigning, or when the incumbent becomes ineligible to continue ...
Michigan model. The Michigan model is a theory of voter choice, based primarily on sociological and party identification factors. Originally proposed by political scientists, beginning with an investigation of the 1952 Presidential election, [1] at the University of Michigan 's Survey Research Centre. These scholars developed and refined an ...
Party identification is typically determined by the political party that an individual most commonly supports (by voting or other means). Some researchers view party identification as "a form of social identity ", [1][2] in the same way that a person identifies with a religious or ethnic group. This identity develops early in a person's life ...