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The wood panels were often quite elaborately ornamented, from the late 1500s onwards. [44] The outside of the koshi may covered with wickerwork, or the inside papered. [44] Pictures on paper were sometimes pasted onto the koshi board (haritsuke-e, 貼付絵); pasted-on pictures are characteristic of the Shoin style. [45]
The Tōmatsu house from Funairi-chō, Nagoya, is an example of a large machiya. Machiya façade in Kyoto Old fabric shop in Nara. Machiya (町屋/町家) are traditional wooden townhouses found throughout Japan and typified in the historical capital of Kyoto.
Shoin-zukuri (Japanese: 書院造, 'study room architecture') is a style of Japanese architecture developed in the Muromachi, Azuchi–Momoyama and Edo periods that forms the basis of today's traditional-style Japanese houses.
This style had a lasting influence on later Japanese architectural styles and became the basis of modern Japanese houses. Its characteristics were that sliding doors called fusuma and paper windows called shōji were fully adopted, and tatami mats were laid all over the room. [4] [5]
For freestanding houses, wood frames are popular. Two-by-four construction is an alternative to the native style. Houses may be clad in siding or faced with ceramic tile. Interiors often have drywall, painted or with a wall covering. Tile is a common roofing material; it may be fired clay or concrete. Clay tiles often bear a color and a glaze.
The interior of a minka was generally divided into two sections: a floor of compacted earth, called a doma (the precursor to a Genkan) and a raised floor (generally around 20 inches (50 cm) above the level of the doma), called a hiroma , and, in larger, richer houses, an area or set of rooms covered in tatami or mushiro mats, called a zashiki ...
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Tsubo-niwa have been described as "quasi-indoor gardens", and are a key feature of some traditional Japanese homes, such as the machiya (lit. ' townhouse '). [2] They are valued for their beauty and for bringing nature into the building. Some tsubo-niwa are also impluviums that collect rainwater; others contain groundwater wells.