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Artist's depiction of Pioneer 10, the first spacecraft to visit Jupiter. The exploration of Jupiter has been conducted via close observations by automated spacecraft.It began with the arrival of Pioneer 10 into the Jovian system in 1973, and, as of 2024, has continued with eight further spacecraft missions in the vicinity of Jupiter and two more en route.
The bow shock of Jupiter's magnetosphere was reached on November 16, as indicated by a drop in the velocity of the solar wind from 451 km/s (280 mi/s) to 225 km/s (140 mi/s). The magnetopause was passed through a day later. The spacecraft instruments confirmed that the magnetic field of Jupiter was inverted compared to that of Earth.
Spacecraft Destination Launched Closest approach Time elapsed Notes Ref Pioneer 10: Jupiter 3 March 1972 3 December 1973 641 days (1 yr, 9 mos, 1 d) Pioneer 10 was the first spacecraft to fly by Jupiter. [88] Pioneer 11: Jupiter 6 April 1973 4 December 1974 608 days (1 yr, 7 mo, 29 d) Pioneer 11 flew by Jupiter. [89] Saturn 1 September 1979 ...
New Horizons received a gravity assist from Jupiter, with its closest approach at 05:43:40 UTC on February 28, 2007, when it was 2.3 million kilometers (1.4 million miles) from Jupiter. The flyby increased New Horizons ' speed by 4 km/s (14,000 km/h; 9,000 mph), accelerating the probe to a velocity of 23 km/s (83,000 km/h; 51,000 mph) relative ...
In October 2018, just months after its launch, it broke the record of being the closest a human-made object has ever gotten to the sun, at 26.55 million miles -- a record previously set in 1976 by ...
Timelapse of Voyager 2 approaching Jupiter. The plains of Pluto, as seen by New Horizons after its nearly 10-year voyage. Remotely guided space probes have flown by all of the observed planets of the Solar System from Mercury to Neptune, with the New Horizons probe having flown by the dwarf planet Pluto and the Dawn spacecraft currently orbiting the dwarf planet Ceres.
The trip to Jupiter also made for a long mission, 3 + 1 ⁄ 2 years to first solar perihelion, 8 years to second. Following the appointment of Sean O'Keefe as Administrator of NASA, the entirety of the OPSP program was canceled as part of President George W. Bush 's request for the 2003 United States federal budget . [ 26 ]
NASA's Juno spacecraft recently flew by Jupiter, collecting crucial data -- and the best look we've gotten at the planet in a very long time. This is the closest photo of Jupiter anyone has seen ...