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William Davies wrote in The Guardian that there are some recent examples of what Mouffe seems to favour, such as Syriza, Jeremy Corbyn and Bernie Sanders, but that it remains unclear how the left can reach its goals through populism, and how a left-wing populism can remain distinct from right-wing populism and avoid adopting "certain aspects of fascism (such as antisemitism)". [1]
Right-wing populism became the predominant conservative faction in response to the increasing liberalization of society, beginning with the Tea Party movement of 2009 and continuing with the first presidency of Donald Trump. [86] [103] There are several different schools of thought within American conservatism.
Populism is regarded as having both left-wing and right-wing manifestations in the form of left-wing populism and right-wing populism, respectively. [50] Green politics is generally regarded as a movement of the left, although there are also green conservatives. Andrew Dobson suggests that green politics contains an inherent conservatism as it ...
In American political rhetoric, populist was originally associated with the Populist Party and related left-wing movements; beginning in the 1950s, it began to take on a more generic meaning, describing any anti-establishment movement regardless of its position on the left–right political spectrum. [17]
Left-wing populism, also called social populism, is a political ideology that combines left-wing politics with populist rhetoric and themes. Its rhetoric often includes elements of anti- elitism , opposition to the Establishment , and speaking for the " common people ". [ 1 ]
Right-wing populism, also called national populism and right populism, [1] [2] [3] is a political ideology that combines right-wing politics with populist rhetoric and themes. Its rhetoric employs anti- elitist sentiments, opposition to the Establishment , and speaking to or for the common people .
Valence populism is associated with anti-establishment sentiment and lacks a consistent ideology, unlike left-wing or right-wing populism. Techno-populism is a variant of valence populism. The concept of valence populism was largely built by political scientist Mattia Zulianello.
A 2018 analysis by political scientists Yascha Mounk and Jordan Kyle links populism to democratic backsliding, showing that since 1990, "13 right-wing populist governments have been elected; of these, five brought about significant democratic backsliding. Over the same time period, 15 left-wing populist governments were elected; of these, the ...