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Muscle atrophy is the loss of skeletal muscle mass. It can be caused by immobility, aging, malnutrition, medications, or a wide range of injuries or diseases that impact the musculoskeletal or nervous system. Muscle atrophy leads to muscle weakness and causes disability.
Proximal diabetic neuropathy, also known as diabetic amyotrophy, is a complication of diabetes mellitus that affects the nerves that supply the thighs, hips, buttocks and/or lower legs. Proximal diabetic neuropathy is a type of diabetic neuropathy characterized by muscle wasting, weakness, pain, or changes in sensation/numbness of the leg.
Such signs are collectively termed the "upper motor neuron syndrome". Affected muscles typically show multiple signs, with severity depending on the degree of damage and other factors that influence motor control. In neuroanatomical circles, it is often joked, for example, that hemisection of the cervical spinal cord leads to an "upper lower ...
muscle atrophy; fasciculations; Some patients have symptoms restricted only to the arms or legs (or in some cases just one of either). These cases are referred to as flail limb (either flail arm or flail leg) and are associated with a better prognosis. [1]
There can be selective atrophy of type 1 muscle fibers. [21] Muscle fibers show signs of degeneration and regeneration. [21] There is modest fibrosis of the endomysium. [21] In DM2, there can be variation in the sizes of muscle fibers, although often there are no abnormalities. [5] There is selective atrophy of type 2 muscle fibers.
Treatment with certain medications, including some drugs used in cancer chemotherapy. Abnormal protein buildup in organs ( amyloidosis ), which affects the organs and the nervous system. An abnormal attack by the immune system ( autoimmune autonomic ganglionopathy ), sometimes as part of a paraneoplastic syndrome which can occur even when ...
Muscle weakness affecting an arm, leg or the diaphragm Twitching of the muscles in the arms, legs, shoulders or tongue Cramping of the muscles in the hands, feet or limbs
[18] [7] Nonsurgical treatments include medications, physical therapy, and spinal injections. Medication options for neurogenic claudication have included non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), prostaglandin-based drugs, gabapentin, and methylcobalamin. However, the quality of evidence supporting their use is not high enough for ...