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Indonesian (Bahasa Indonesia; [baˈhasa indoˈnesija]) is the official and national language of Indonesia. [9] It is a standardized variety of Malay, [10] an Austronesian language that has been used as a lingua franca in the multilingual Indonesian archipelago for centuries.
The vocabulary of Indonesian borrows heavily from regional languages of Indonesia, such as Javanese, Sundanese and Minangkabau, as well as from Dutch, Sanskrit, Portuguese, Arabic and more recently English.
Many people in Indonesia are bilingual at an early age. They speak a local native language with their families whereas the official Indonesian language is used to communicate with people from other regions and is taught in schools as a compulsory subject. In Laos, Lao is the official language, but French is understood and used by government.
This is a ranking of languages by number of sovereign countries in which they are de jure or de facto official, although there are no precise inclusion criteria or definition of a language. An '*' (asterisk) indicates a country whose independence is disputed.
Papua province: Lake Sentani area, about 30 scattered villages; scattered in other parts of Indonesia. 140 Taman tmn 6a 30,000 West Kalimantan province: Kapuas Hulu regency; upper Kapuas river. 141 Termanu twu 6a 30,000 East Nusa Tenggara province: Bokai, Keka, Korbafo, Talae, and Termanu areas on central Rote island. 142 Aralle-Tabulahan atq 5
Indonesia is the fourth most populous nation in the world, with over 279 million inhabitants of which the majority speak Indonesian, which makes it one of the most widely spoken languages in the world. [46] Indonesian is considered the 11th most commonly spoken language by Ethnologue, as of 2022.
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Indonesian is the national language in Indonesia by Article 36 of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, while "Malay" (bahasa Melayu) has been recognised as the ethnic languages of Malay in Indonesia alongside Malay-based trade and creole languages and other ethnic languages. Malaysia and Singapore use a common standard Malay. [28]