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Indeed, authors may recommend "further research" when, given the existing evidence, further research would be extremely unlikely to be approved by an ethics committee. [ 3 ] Studies finding that a treatment has no noticeable effects are sometimes greeted with statements that "more research is needed" by those convinced that the treatment is ...
A research question is "a question that a research project sets out to answer". [1] Choosing a research question is an essential element of both quantitative and qualitative research . Investigation will require data collection and analysis, and the methodology for this will vary widely.
A closed-ended question is any question for which a researcher provides research participants with options from which to choose a response. [1] Closed-ended questions are sometimes phrased as a statement that requires a response. A closed-ended question contrasts with an open-ended question, which cannot easily be answered with specific ...
A good literature review has a proper research question, a proper theoretical framework, and/or a chosen research methodology. It serves to situate the current study within the body of the relevant literature and provides context for the reader. In such cases, the review usually precedes the methodology and results sections of the work.
In other words, descriptive research can be said to have a low requirement for internal validity. The description is used for frequencies , averages , and other statistical calculations. Often the best approach, prior to writing descriptive research, is to conduct a survey investigation.
In the field of public administration working hypotheses are used as a conceptual framework for exploratory, applied, empirical research. [28] [29] [30] Research projects that use working hypotheses use a deductive reasoning or logic of inquiry. [3] In other words, the problem and preliminary theory are developed ahead of time and tested using ...
Multiple researchers aimed to make "research and writing more reflexive and called into question the issues of gender, class, and race." [ 21 ] : 315 As a result of these concerns, researchers purposefully inserted themselves as characters in the ethnographic narrative as a way of navigating the problem of researcher interference. [ 15 ]
Academic writing often features prose register that is conventionally characterized by "evidence...that the writer(s) have been persistent, open-minded and disciplined in the study"; that prioritizes "reason over emotion or sensual perception"; and that imagines a reader who is "coolly rational, reading for information, and intending to formulate a reasoned response."