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Language: Rule-based method used for communication; Language delays: Slowed development of language skills; Language disorder: Difficulty/inability to comprehend/make use of the various rules of language; Loudness: A characteristic of voice; refers to intensity of sound; Morphology: Rules that determine structure and form of words
Aphonia is defined as the inability to produce voiced sound. [1] This may result from damage, such as surgery (e.g., thyroidectomy) or a tumor., [2] or can be a result of psychological means. Aphonia means "no sound.” In other words, a person with this disorder has lost their voice and is unable to communicate vocally. [3]
Agraphia is an acquired neurological disorder causing a loss in the ability to communicate through writing, either due to some form of motor dysfunction [1] or an inability to spell. [2] The loss of writing ability may present with other language or neurological disorders; [1] disorders appearing commonly with agraphia are alexia, aphasia ...
Speech sound disorders (SSDs) can arise from a variety of causes, which are generally categorized into organic and functional factors: Organic causes These include physical or neurological issues that affect speech production: hearing loss, including temporary hearing loss, such as from ear infections; developmental disorders (e.g. autism)
However, it is not uncommon for a single person to have a mixed speech sound disorder with both phonemic and phonetic components. Stuttering (AKA “Dysphemia”) [11] affects approximately 1% of the adult population. [2] Voice disorders are impairments, often physical, that involve the function of the larynx or vocal resonance.
Momentary disruption of voice caused by involuntary movements of one or more muscles of the larynx or voice box. Specific language impairment (SLI) Difficulty with language or the organized-symbol system used for communication in the absence of problems such as mental retardation, hearing loss, or emotional disorders.
Spelling errors — Because of difficulty learning letter-sound correspondences, individuals with dyslexia might tend to misspell words, or leave vowels out of words. Letter order - People with dyslexia may also reverse the order of two letters, especially when the final, incorrect, word looks similar to the intended word.
Phonological disorder – a speech sound disorder characterized by problems in making patterns of sound errors (e.g., "dat" for "that"). Communication disorder NOS (not otherwise specified) – the DSM-IV diagnosis in which disorders that do not meet the specific criteria for the disorder listed above may be classified.