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Spasmodic torticollis is an extremely painful chronic neurological movement disorder causing the neck to involuntarily turn to the left, right, upwards, and/or downwards. The condition is also referred to as "cervical dystonia ". Both agonist and antagonist muscles contract simultaneously during dystonic movement. [1]
Physical therapy is an option for treating torticollis in a non-invasive and cost-effective manner. [34] In the children above 1 year of age, surgical release of the tight sternocleidomastoid muscle is indicated along with aggressive therapy and appropriate splinting.
The sternocleidomastoid muscle originates from two locations: the manubrium of the sternum and the clavicle. [4] It travels obliquely across the side of the neck and inserts at the mastoid process of the temporal bone of the skull by a thin aponeurosis. [4] [5] The sternocleidomastoid is thick and narrow at its center, and broader and thinner ...
Accessory nerve disorder. Other names. Spinal accessory nerve palsy. Muscles innervated by the accessory nerve. Specialty. Neurology. Accessory nerve disorder is an injury to the spinal accessory nerve which results in diminished or absent function of the sternocleidomastoid muscle and upper portion of the trapezius muscle.
The McKenzie method is a technique primarily used in physical therapy. It was developed in the late 1950s by New Zealand physiotherapist Robin McKenzie. [1][2][3] In 1981 he launched the concept which he called "Mechanical Diagnosis and Therapy (MDT)" – a system encompassing assessment, diagnosis and treatment for the spine and extremities.
Massage therapy using trigger-point release techniques may be effective in short-term pain relief. [10] Physical therapy involving gentle stretching and exercise may be useful for recovering full range of motion and motor coordination. Once the trigger points are gone, muscle strengthening exercise can begin, supporting long-term health of the ...
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