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Calcitonin. Calcitonin is a 32 amino acid peptide hormone secreted by parafollicular cells (also known as C cells) of the thyroid (or endostyle) in humans and other chordates [5] in the ultimopharyngeal body. [6] It acts to reduce blood calcium (Ca 2+), opposing the effects of parathyroid hormone (PTH). [7]
InterPro. Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) is a member of the calcitonin family of peptides consisting of calcitonin, amylin, adrenomedullin, adrenomedullin 2 (intermedin) and calcitonin‑receptor‑stimulating peptide. Calcitonin is mainly produced by thyroid C cells whilst CGRP is secreted and stored in the nervous system. [1]
Calcitonin receptor. The calcitonin receptor (CT) is a G protein-coupled receptor that binds the peptide hormone calcitonin and is involved in maintenance of calcium homeostasis, [5] particularly with respect to bone formation and metabolism. [6][7][8]
Procalcitonin (PCT) is a peptide precursor of the hormone calcitonin, the latter being involved with calcium homeostasis. It arises once preprocalcitonin is cleaved by endopeptidase. [1] It was first identified by Leonard J. Deftos and Bernard A. Roos in the 1970s. [2] It is composed of 116 amino acids and is produced by parafollicular cells (C ...
Calcium metabolism. The body regulates calcium homeostasis with two pathways; one is signaled to turn on when blood calcium levels drop below normal and one is the pathway that is signaled to turn on when blood calcium levels are elevated. Calcium metabolism is the movement and regulation of calcium ions (Ca 2+) in (via the gut) and out (via ...
Bone resorption is resorption of bone tissue, that is, the process by which osteoclasts break down the tissue in bones [1] and release the minerals, resulting in a transfer of calcium from bone tissue to the blood. [2] The osteoclasts are multi-nucleated cells that contain numerous mitochondria and lysosomes. These are the cells responsible for ...
Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) receptor antagonists are a class of drugs that act as antagonists of the calcitonin gene-related peptide receptor (CGRPR). [1] Several monoclonal antibodies that bind to the CGRP receptor or peptide have been approved for prevention of migraine. [2] Nerve activation triggers the release of CGRP and other ...
Calmodulin also plays an important role in lipid metabolism by affecting calcitonin. Calcitonin is a polypeptide hormone that lowers blood Ca 2+ levels and activates Gs protein cascades that leads to the generation of cAMP. The actions of calcitonin can be blocked by inhibiting the actions of calmodulin, suggesting that calmodulin plays a ...