Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
The Scherrer equation, in X-ray diffraction and crystallography, is a formula that relates the size of sub-micrometre crystallites in a solid to the broadening of a peak in a diffraction pattern. It is often referred to, incorrectly, as a formula for particle size measurement or analysis. It is named after Paul Scherrer.
Each of the formulas listed in the tables assumes that the roughness profile has been filtered from the raw profile data and the mean line has been calculated. The roughness profile contains n {\displaystyle n} ordered, equally spaced points along the trace, and y i {\displaystyle y_{i}} is the vertical distance from the mean line to the i th ...
The secondary cell wall, a thick layer formed inside the primary cell wall after the cell is fully grown. It is not found in all cell types. It is not found in all cell types. Some cells, such as the conducting cells in xylem , possess a secondary wall containing lignin , which strengthens and waterproofs the wall.
The size of spherulites varies in a wide range, from micrometers up to 8 centimeter [4] and is controlled by the nucleation. Strong supercooling or intentional addition of crystallization seeds results in relatively large number of nucleation sites; then spherulites are numerous and small and interact with each other upon growth.
Plant cellulose, which makes up the cell walls of most plants, is a tough, mesh-like bulkwork in which cellulose fibrils are the primary architectural elements. While bacterial cellulose has the same molecular formula as plant cellulose, it has significantly different macromolecular properties and characteristics. [ 8 ]
[3] p. 6 In the case where the material is in a heap, scoop or thief sampling needs to be done, which is inaccurate: the sample should ideally have been taken while the powder was flowing towards the heap. [3] p. 10 After sampling, the sample volume typically needs to be reduced.
This is because when the grain size decreases at nm scale, there is an increase in the density of grain boundary junctions which serves as a source of crack growth or weak bonding. However, it was also observed that at grain size below 3.1 nm, a pseudo Hall–Petch relationship was observed, which results an increase in strength.
SA:V is used to explain the diffusion of small molecules, like oxygen and carbon dioxide between air, blood and cells, [3] water loss by animals, [4] bacterial morphogenesis, [5] organism's thermoregulation, [6] design of artificial bone tissue, [7] artificial lungs [8] and many more biological and biotechnological structures. For more examples ...