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Before fermentation, pectin-splitting enzymes and, for white wine, fining agents such as bentonite may be added to the must in order to promote the eventual agglomeration and settling of colloids. [1] Pectins are structural molecules in the cell walls of fruits which have the important function of 'gumming' plant cells together.
Secondary fermentation is a process commonly associated with winemaking, [1] which entails a second period of fermentation in a different vessel than the one used to start the fermentation process. An example of this would be starting fermentation in a carboy or stainless steel tank and then moving it over to oak barrels. Rather than being a ...
It is traditionally a form of mead, an alcoholic beverage produced by fermenting a solution of honey and water, although in modern times the honey is generally replaced with different kinds of sugar, mostly syrup, which makes it a sugar wine. [1] The drink also has a very low alcohol content due to limited fermentation.
Pigeage is a French term for the management of acidity and secondary pressing of grapes in fermentation tanks. To make certain types of wine, grapes are put through a crusher and then poured into open fermentation tanks. Once fermentation begins, the grape skins are floated to the surface by carbon dioxide gases released in the fermentation ...
The duration of fermentation affects the quality; longer fermentation preserves the wine's aromas better and gives finer and more durable bubbles. [ 18 ] This production method is widely used in the U.S., in Italy, especially in the Asti province , and in Prosecco wines, and in Germany to produce variants of Sekt such as Henkell Trocken.
Carbon dioxide gas dissolved in the water content of wine. It is a volatile acid that held in equilibrium with the dissolved carbon dioxide gas and can not be isolated in a pure form. Carbonic gas A natural by product of the fermentation process in which yeast cells convert sugar into nearly equal parts alcohol and carbonic gas. While a small ...
In brewing, a carboy or demijohn is a glass or plastic vessel used in fermenting beverages such as wine, mead, cider, perry, and beer. Usually it is fitted with a rubber stopper and a fermentation lock to prevent bacteria and oxygen from entering during the fermentation process. During the homebrewing process, a primary carboy is used for ...
Lees are deposits of dead yeast or residual yeast and other particles that precipitate, or are carried by the action of "fining", to the bottom of a vat of wine after fermentation and aging. The same while brewing beer at a brewery is known as trub – the same from secondary fermentation of wine and beer are the lees or equally, as to beer ...