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Parasites are organisms which derive sustenance from its host while causing it harm. [2] The study of parasites and parasitic diseases is known as parasitology. [3] Medical parasitology is concerned with three major groups of parasites: parasitic protozoa, helminths, and parasitic arthropods. [2]
Helminthiasis, also known as worm infection, is any macroparasitic disease of humans and other animals in which a part of the body is infected with parasitic worms, known as helminths. There are numerous species of these parasites , which are broadly classified into tapeworms , flukes , and roundworms .
Major groups of parasites include protozoans (organisms having only one cell) and parasitic worms (helminths). Of these, protozoans, including cryptosporidium, microsporidia, and isospora, are most common in HIV-infected persons. Each of these parasites can infect the digestive tract, and sometimes two or more can cause infection at the same time.
Pinworm infection (threadworm infection in the UK), also known as enterobiasis, is a human parasitic disease caused by the pinworm, Enterobius vermicularis. [3] The most common symptom is pruritus ani, or itching in the anal area. [1] The period of time from swallowing eggs to the appearance of new eggs around the anus is 4 to 8 weeks. [2]
Luminal infection is treated with diloxanide furoate or iodoquinoline. [2] Effective treatment against all stages of the disease may require a combination of medications. [2] Infections without symptoms may be treated with just one antibiotic, and infections with symptoms are treated with two antibiotics. [3]
Trichomonas foetus is a parasite that resides in the urogenital tract of cattle and causes bovine trichomoniasis. Trichomoniasis is a sexually transmitted disease that causes infertility in heifers. Most infertility is caused by sudden embryonic death. [9] Various imidazoles have been used to treat infected bulls, but none are safe and effective.
Social media has brought helminth therapy to the forefront of treatment discussion with many false claims and misinformation. Due to this increased online discussion on Helminth therapy, many people struggling with autoimmune diseases have turned to self-administering parasites to treat themselves.
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