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Adaptation of the Gibbs reflective model. Learning researcher Graham Gibbs discussed the use of structured debriefing to facilitate the reflection involved in Kolb's experiential learning cycle. Gibbs presents the stages of a full structured debriefing as follows: [24] [a] (Initial experience) Description "What happened?
Kolb integrated this learning cycle with a theory of learning styles, wherein each style prefers two of the four parts of the cycle. The cycle is quadrisected by a horizontal and vertical axis. The vertical axis represents how knowledge can be grasped, through concrete experience or through abstract conceptualization , or by a combination of both.
For example, a writer might say: "Smith's theory of social engagement might explain why I reacted the way I did." Learning outcomes : An academic reflection will include commentary on how the writer learned from the experience, what they would have done differently, or how their perspectives or opinions have changed as a result of the experience.
Reflective learning is a form of education in which the student reflects upon their learning experiences. A theory about reflective learning cites it as an intentional and complex process that recognizes the role of social context and experience. [ 1 ]
Experiential learning can occur without a teacher and relates solely to the meaning-making process of the individual's direct experience. However, though the gaining of knowledge is an inherent process that occurs naturally, a genuine learning experience requires certain elements. [6]
Learning by doing is a theory that places heavy emphasis on student engagement and is a hands-on, task-oriented, process to education. [1] The theory refers to the process in which students actively participate in more practical and imaginative ways of learning.
More than 150 million cases of mental health disorders — including ADHD, anxiety and depression — may have been caused by lead in gasoline. “A significant burden of mental illness ...
The model was used at Gordon Training International by its employee Noel Burch in the 1970s; there it was called the "four stages for learning any new skill". [5] Later the model was frequently attributed to Abraham Maslow , incorrectly since the model does not appear in his major works.