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In general, the number of available hosts on a subnet is 2 h −2, where h is the number of bits used for the host portion of the address. The number of available subnets is 2 n, where n is the number of bits used for the network portion of the address.
RFC 1918 name IP address range Number of addresses Largest CIDR block (subnet mask) Host ID size Mask bits Classful description [Note 1]; 24-bit block: 10.0.0.0 – 10.255.255.255: 16 777 216
A wildcard mask is a mask of bits that indicates which parts of an IP address are available for examination. In the Cisco IOS, [1] they are used in several places, for example: To indicate the size of a network or subnet for some routing protocols, such as OSPF. To indicate what IP addresses should be permitted or denied in access control lists ...
The subnet mask or CIDR notation determines how the IP address is divided into network and host parts. The term subnet mask is only used within IPv4. Both IP versions however use the CIDR concept and notation. In this, the IP address is followed by a slash and the number (in decimal) of bits used for the network part, also called the routing ...
For example, the loopback address 127.0.0.1 was commonly written as 127.1, given that it belongs to a class-A network with eight bits for the network mask and 24 bits for the host number. When fewer than four numbers were specified in the address in dotted notation, the last value was treated as an integer of as many bytes as are required to ...
Returns a 32-bit IPv4 address, most commonly used to map hostnames to an IP address of the host, but it is also used for DNSBLs, storing subnet masks in RFC 1101, etc. AAAA 28
The prefix length can range from 0 to 128, due to the larger number of bits in the address. However, by convention, a subnet on broadcast MAC layer networks always has 64-bit host identifiers. [13] Larger prefixes (/127) are only used on some point-to-point links between routers, for security and policy reasons. [14]
The Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) has reserved the IPv4 address block 169.254.0.0 / 16 (169.254.0.0 – 169.254.255.255) for link-local addressing. [1] The entire range may be used for this purpose, except for the first 256 and last 256 addresses (169.254.0.0 / 24 and 169.254.255.0 / 24), which are reserved for future use and must not be selected by a host using this dynamic ...