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It is the third (or second) dodecahedral number, [4] and the sum of the first seven triangular numbers (1, 3, 6, 10, 15, 21, 28), which makes it the seventh tetrahedral number. [5] The number of divisors of 84 is 12. [6] As no smaller number has more than 12 divisors, 84 is a largely composite number. [7]
Each of these words translates to the American English or post-1974 British English word billion (10 9 in the short scale). The term billion originally meant 10 12 when introduced. [7] In long scale countries, milliard was defined to its current value of 10 9, leaving billion at its original 10 12 value and so on for the larger numbers. [7]
To multiply by numbers over 9: The multiplicand is set into the operand dials. The first (least significant) digit of the multiplier is set into the multiplier dial as above, and the crank is turned, multiplying the operand by that digit and putting the result in the accumulator. The input section is shifted one digit to the left with the end ...
To do this, he called the numbers up to a myriad myriad (10 8) "first numbers" and called 10 8 itself the "unit of the second numbers". Multiples of this unit then became the second numbers, up to this unit taken a myriad myriad times, 10 8 ·10 8 =10 16. This became the "unit of the third numbers", whose multiples were the third numbers, and ...
The decimal fraction notation is a special way of representing rational numbers whose denominator is a power of 10. For instance, the rational numbers , , and are written as 0.1, 3.71, and 0.0044 in the decimal fraction notation. [100]
Systematic generalizations of this basic definition define the multiplication of integers (including negative numbers), rational numbers (fractions), and real numbers. Multiplication can also be visualized as counting objects arranged in a rectangle (for whole numbers) or as finding the area of a rectangle whose sides have some given lengths.
Figure 2 is used for the multiples of 2, 4, 6, and 8. These patterns can be used to memorize the multiples of any number from 0 to 10, except 5. As you would start on the number you are multiplying, when you multiply by 0, you stay on 0 (0 is external and so the arrows have no effect on 0, otherwise 0 is used as a link to create a perpetual cycle).
Numbers where the sum is less than the number itself are called deficient, and where it is greater than the number, abundant. These terms, together with perfect itself, come from Greek numerology. A pair of numbers which are the sum of each other's proper divisors are called amicable, and larger cycles of numbers are called sociable.