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Instruction set extensions that have been added to the x86 instruction set in order to support hardware virtualization.These extensions provide instructions for entering and leaving a virtualized execution context and for loading virtual-machine control structures (VMCSs), which hold the state of the guest and host, along with fields which control processor behavior within the virtual machine.
The AMD Lightweight Profiling (LWP) feature was introduced in AMD Bulldozer and removed in AMD Zen. On all supported CPUs, the latest available microcode updates have disabled LWP due to Spectre mitigations. [31] These instructions are available in Ring 3, but not available in Real Mode and Virtual-8086 mode. All of them use the XOP prefix.
x86 virtualization is the use of hardware-assisted virtualization capabilities on an x86/x86-64 CPU.. In the late 1990s x86 virtualization was achieved by complex software techniques, necessary to compensate for the processor's lack of hardware-assisted virtualization capabilities while attaining reasonable performance.
KVM provides device abstraction but no processor emulation. It exposes the /dev/kvm interface, which a user mode host can then use to: Set up the guest VM's address space. The host must also supply a firmware image (usually a custom BIOS when emulating PCs) that the guest can use to bootstrap into its main OS. Feed the guest simulated I/O.
The XOP (eXtended Operations [1]) instruction set, announced by AMD on May 1, 2009, is an extension to the 128-bit SSE core instructions in the x86 and AMD64 instruction set for the Bulldozer processor core, which was released on October 12, 2011. [2] However AMD removed support for XOP from Zen (microarchitecture) onward. [3]
The revised instruction set no longer carries the name SSE5, which has been criticized for being misleading, but most of the instructions in the new revision are functionally identical to the original SSE5 specification—only the way the instructions are coded differs. The planned additions to the AMD instruction set consists of three subsets:
SPOILERS BELOW—do not scroll any further if you don't want the answer revealed. The New York Times. Today's Wordle Answer for #1274 on Saturday, December 14, 2024.
AMD added a subset of SSE, 19 of them, called new MMX instructions, [3] and known as several variants and combinations of SSE and MMX, shortly after with the release of the original Athlon in August 1999, see 3DNow! extensions. AMD eventually added full support for SSE instructions, starting with its Athlon XP and Duron (Morgan core) processors.