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Saint Dominic anachronistically presiding over an auto de fe, by Pedro Berruguete (around 1495) [1]. An auto-da-fé (/ ˌ ɔː t oʊ d ə ˈ f eɪ, ˌ aʊ t-/ AW-toh-də-FAY, OW-; from Portuguese auto da fé or Spanish auto de fe ([ˈawto ðe ˈfe], meaning 'act of faith') was the ritual of public penance, carried out between the 15th and 19th centuries, of condemned heretics and apostates ...
Contemporary illustration of the auto-da-fé of Valladolid, in which fourteen Protestants were burned at the stake for their faith, on May 21, 1559. Augustino de Cazalla († 1559), Valladolid, Spain; Carlos de Seso († 1559), Valladolid, Spain; María de Bohórquez († 1559), Sevilla, Spain; Pietro Carnesecchi († 1567) Florence, Italy
The auto-da-fé, like the one shown in the Inquisition Tribunal, was used to publicly shame and break an accused heretic. The victim had often been tortured beforehand until they confessed to the crimes of which they had been accused. The accuser(s) and witnesses against the "heretic" were kept secret from the accused until the public shaming.
When the tribune envoys visited Augustino Cazalla on the eve of his execution they found him in a dark cell, loaded with chains, wearing a pié de amigo although he had freely confessed, recanted, and begged for mercy. [4] [5] Auto-da-fé were held on Sundays, usually in the central public square, attended by church and state dignitaries. 40 ...
An auto de fé was a ceremony of pomp and circumstance, a display of the power of the inquisitors. [81] At the same time, it was a popular feast, annual and expensive, and the people who attended brought snacks as if for a picnic. [82] The reading of the sentences could take all day. The place of executions was never the same of the auto de fé ...
In the reign of Philip V, there were 125 autos de fé, while in the reigns of Charles III and Charles IV only 44. [citation needed] Auto-da-fé, Viceroyalty of New Spain, 18th century. During the 18th century, the Inquisition changed: Enlightenment ideas were the closest threat that had to be fought.
The Mexican Inquisition was an extension of the events that were occurring in Spain and the rest of Europe for some time. Spanish Catholicism had been reformed under the reign of Isabella I of Castile (1479– 1504), which reaffirmed medieval doctrines and tightened discipline and practice.
The Auto-da-fé procession of the Inquisition at Goa. [64] An annual event to publicly humiliate and punish the heretics, it shows the Chief Inquisitor, Dominican friars, Portuguese soldiers, as well as religious criminals condemned to be burnt in the procession.