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Social presence theory explores how the "sense of being with another" is influenced by digital interfaces in human-computer interactions. [1] Developed from the foundations of interpersonal communication and symbolic interactionism, social presence theory was first formally introduced by John Short, Ederyn Williams, and Bruce Christie in The Social Psychology of Telecommunications. [2]
Social presence theory is defined as "the degree of salience of the other person in the interaction and consequent salience of the interpersonal relationships." [6] This theory argues that media differ in their ability to convey intimacy and immediacy. [6] Social presence theory is a key theory in understanding interpersonal communication and ...
Social presence theory provides a foundation for communication systems designers and serves as a main principle in computer-mediated communication studies. [5] Aragon (2003); Gorham & Cristophel (1990) and Tu & McIsaac (2002) place high importance on using engagement tactics in online classrooms geared towards increasing social presence and ...
Other theories (social presence and "media naturalness") are concerned with the consequences of those media choices (i.e., what are the social effects of using particular communication media). Social presence theory (Short, et al., 1976 [10]) is a "seminal theory" of the
Walther understood that describing the new nature of online communication required a new theory. [2] Social information processing theory focuses on the social processes that occur when two or more people are engaged in communication, similar to theories such as social presence theory, social penetration theory, and uncertainty reduction theory.
Cues-filtered-out theories have often treated face-to-face interaction as the gold standard against which mediated communication should be compared, and includes such theories as social presence theory, media richness theory, and the Social Identity model of Deindividuation Effects (SIDE).
There are five communication purposes: coordination, knowledge-sharing, information gathering, relationship development, and conflict resolution. [17] Institutional factors include the physical structure of work units, social structure, and incentives. [17] Situational factors include task characteristics, message content, and urgency. [17]
The social identity model of deindividuation effects (or SIDE model) is a theory developed in social psychology and communication studies. SIDE explains the effects of anonymity and identifiability on group behavior. It has become one of several theories of technology that describe social effects of computer-mediated communication.