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List of side effects of estradiol which may occur as a result of its use or have been associated with estrogen and/or progestogen therapy includes: [1] [2]. Gynecological: changes in vaginal bleeding, dysmenorrhea, increase in size of uterine leiomyomata, vaginitis including vaginal candidiasis, changes in cervical secretion and cervical ectropion, ovarian cancer, endometrial hyperplasia ...
As unopposed estrogen therapy (using estrogen alone without progesterone) increases the risk of endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial cancer in women with intact uteruses, estradiol is usually combined with a progestogen like progesterone or medroxyprogesterone acetate to prevent the effects of estradiol on the endometrium.
Other side effects of estrogens include an increased risk of blood clots, cardiovascular disease, and, when combined with most progestogens, breast cancer. [1] In men, estrogens can cause breast development, feminization, infertility, low testosterone levels, and sexual dysfunction among others.
General side effects of EE are the same as for other estrogens and include breast tenderness, headache, fluid retention , nausea, dizziness, and weight gain. [10] [38] The estrogen component of oral contraceptives, which is almost always EE, can cause breast tenderness and fullness. [28]
Side effects of estradiol valerate include breast tenderness, breast enlargement, nausea, headache, and fluid retention. [15] [13] [14] Estradiol valerate is an estrogen and hence is an agonist of the estrogen receptor, the biological target of estrogens like estradiol. [5] [4] [16] It is an estrogen ester and a prodrug of estradiol in the body.
Adverse effects can also occur in the urinary, central or peripheral nervous, or musculoskeletal systems. [35] A review of clinical trials studying bioidentical progesterone use found that it was ineffective in managing vasomotor symptoms of menopause, but had mild and self-limiting side effects. [36]
Side effects of EEs include nausea, breast tension, edema, and breakthrough bleeding among others. [8] It is an estrogen, or an agonist of the estrogen receptors, the biological target of estrogens like estradiol. [5] [3] [4] EEs are a prodrug mainly of estradiol and to a lesser extent of equilin. [5] EEs were introduced for medical use by 1970 ...
Estriol is well-tolerated and produces relatively few adverse effects. [12] [18] Side effects may include breast tenderness, vaginal discomfort and discharge, and endometrial hyperplasia. [12] [18] Estriol is a naturally occurring and bioidentical estrogen, or an agonist of the estrogen receptor, the biological target of estrogens like ...