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Cupcakes baked with baking soda as a raising agent. Sodium bicarbonate (IUPAC name: sodium hydrogencarbonate [9]), commonly known as baking soda or bicarbonate of soda, is a chemical compound with the formula NaHCO 3. It is a salt composed of a sodium cation (Na +) and a bicarbonate anion (HCO 3 −).
It is a polyatomic anion with the chemical formula H C O − 3. Bicarbonate serves a crucial biochemical role in the physiological pH buffering system. [3] The term "bicarbonate" was coined in 1814 by the English chemist William Hyde Wollaston. [4] [5] The name lives on as a trivial name.
The chemical leavening effects were accomplished by the activating of a base such as baking soda in the presence of liquid(s) and an acid such as sour milk, vinegar, lemon juice, or cream of tartar. [24] Because these acidulants react with baking soda quickly, retention of gas bubbles was dependent on batter viscosity.
A dash of baking soda increases the Maillard reaction (a.k.a. the chemical process that creates a golden exterior) in recipes like zucchini bread and sugar cookies.
In rocketry, a chemical reaction rapidly creates gas that is expelled in one direction from its container (the rocket engine); momentum forces the rocket in the opposite direction. The alka-seltzer rocket experiment demonstrates Newton's third law. The film canister rocket has a buildup of gas that wants to come out of the weakest spot making ...
The chemical reactions and mechanism in the blue bottle experiment rely on the oxidation of a sugar with the aid of air and a redox dye in a basic solution. Other variations of this reaction have been reported that use four families of redox dyes: thiazines , oxazines , azines , and indigo carmine have all been reported to work with glucose and ...
In part because of its high polarity, HCl is very soluble in water (and in other polar solvents). Upon contact, H 2 O and HCl combine to form hydronium cations [H 3 O] + and chloride anions Cl − through a reversible chemical reaction: HCl + H 2 O → [H 3 O] + + Cl −. The resulting solution is called hydrochloric acid and is a strong acid.
A column of porous black graphite formed during the experiment. Carbon snake experiment. The carbon snake is a demonstration of the dehydration reaction of sugar by concentrated sulfuric acid. With concentrated sulfuric acid, granulated table sugar performs a degradation reaction which changes its form to a black solid-liquid mixture. [1]