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In game theory, "guess 2 / 3 of the average" is a game where players simultaneously select a real number between 0 and 100, inclusive. The winner of the game is the player(s) who select a number closest to 2 / 3 of the average of numbers chosen by all players. [1]
A mathematical constant is a key number whose value is fixed by an unambiguous definition, often referred to by a symbol (e.g., an alphabet letter), or by mathematicians' names to facilitate using it across multiple mathematical problems. [1]
A multiple of a number is the product of that number and an integer. For example, 10 is a multiple of 5 because 5 × 2 = 10, so 10 is divisible by 5 and 2. Because 10 is the smallest positive integer that is divisible by both 5 and 2, it is the least common multiple of 5 and 2.
With decimal arithmetic, final digits of 0 and 5 are avoided; if there is a choice between numbers with the least significant digit 0 or 1, 4 or 5, 5 or 6, 9 or 0, then the digit different from 0 or 5 shall be selected; otherwise, the choice is arbitrary.
Round-by-chop: The base-expansion of is truncated after the ()-th digit. This rounding rule is biased because it always moves the result toward zero. Round-to-nearest: () is set to the nearest floating-point number to . When there is a tie, the floating-point number whose last stored digit is even (also, the last digit, in binary form, is equal ...
So, 6 is a perfect number because the proper divisors of 6 are 1, 2, and 3, and 1 + 2 + 3 = 6. [2] [4] Euclid proved c. 300 BCE that every prime expressed as M p = 2 p − 1 has a corresponding perfect number M p × (M p +1)/2 = 2 p − 1 × (2 p − 1). For example, the Mersenne prime 2 2 − 1 = 3 leads to the corresponding perfect number 2 2 ...
For example, for 2 5 a + 1 there are 3 increases as 1 iterates to 2, 1, 2, 1, and finally to 2 so the result is 3 3 a + 2; for 2 2 a + 1 there is only 1 increase as 1 rises to 2 and falls to 1 so the result is 3a + 1.
An easy mnemonic helps memorize this fraction by writing down each of the first three odd numbers twice: 1 1 3 3 5 5, then dividing the decimal number represented by the last 3 digits by the decimal number given by the first three digits: 1 1 3 分之(fēn zhī) 3 5 5. (In Eastern Asia, fractions are read by stating the denominator first ...