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Loperamide, sold under the brand name Imodium, among others, [1] is a medication of the opioid receptor agonist class used to decrease the frequency of diarrhea. [ 5 ] [ 4 ] It is often used for this purpose in irritable bowel syndrome , inflammatory bowel disease , short bowel syndrome , [ 4 ] Crohn's disease , and ulcerative colitis . [ 5 ]
Childhood trauma has been associated with a wide array of mental health disorders such as bipolar disorder, anxiety, post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and depression. [40] PTSD Inheritability. Research involving PTSD in those who experienced childhood trauma had a 25% to 60% inheritability rate, which is a relatively low to moderate rate ...
The Anxiety and Depression Association of America (ADAA) is a U.S. nonprofit organization located in Silver Spring, Maryland [7] dedicated to increasing awareness of and improving the diagnosis, treatment, and cure of anxiety disorders in children and adults. The organization is involved in education, training, and research for anxiety and ...
It contains loperamide and simethicone. Loperamide is a μ-opioid receptor agonist that works in the intestines. [1] Although it is an opioid, it has no effects on the central nervous system. It reduces diarrhea by slowing the transit time of contents through the intestinal tract thereby allowing more water to be reabsorbed from the intestinal ...
For example, most opioids cause sedation when given at a sufficiently high dose, but peripherally selective opioids can act on the rest of the body without entering the brain and are less likely to cause sedation. [1] These peripherally selective opioids can be used as antidiarrheals, for instance loperamide (Imodium). [2]
However, it does act as a high affinity antagonist of the histamine H 1 receptor [24] and is a low to moderate affinity antagonist of the dopamine D 2, serotonin 5-HT 2, and α 1-adrenergic receptors. [3] [23] H 1 receptor antagonism accounts for its antihistamine effects and associated sedative side effects.
An equianalgesic chart is a conversion chart that lists equivalent doses of analgesics (drugs used to relieve pain). Equianalgesic charts are used for calculation of an equivalent dose (a dose which would offer an equal amount of analgesia) between different analgesics. [1]
Mindfulness-based stress reduction is an eight-week program that helps train people to help with their stress, anxiety, depression, and pain. It was developed by Jon Kabat-Zinn in the 1970s. The program uses a combination of mindfulness meditation, body awareness, yoga, and exploration of patterns of behavior, thinking, feeling, and action. One ...