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The ankle-brachial pressure index (ABPI) or ankle-brachial index (ABI) is the ratio of the blood pressure at the ankle to the blood pressure in the upper arm (brachium). Compared to the arm, lower blood pressure in the leg suggests blocked arteries due to peripheral artery disease (PAD).
The ankle-brachial pressure index compares the systolic blood pressure of the ankle to the systolic blood pressure of the arm. A ratio that is outside of the range of 1-1.3 may indicate a disease of the vessels, such as peripheral arterial disease (the ankle-brachial index would be low). [1]
Ankle-brachial pressure index (ABPI) assesses peripheral vascular disease. [1] It may however be unreliable in patients with calcified arteries in the calf (often diabetic patients) or those with extensive oedema, in which case toe pressure or Toe-brachial pressure index (TBPI) should be measured to aid in the diagnosis.
Screening tests typically use the non-invasive evaluation called the ankle–brachial index, which compares the blood pressure between the arm and the ankle. This can help detect narrowing in the major vessels of the chest, abdomen, pelvis, and legs.
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Vital signs (also known as vitals) are a group of the four to six most crucial medical signs that indicate the status of the body's vital (life-sustaining) functions. These measurements are taken to help assess the general physical health of a person, give clues to possible diseases, and show progress toward recovery.
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Ankle-brachial pressure index, a measure of the fall in blood pressure in the arteries supplying the legs; Association of the British Pharmaceutical Industry, the trade association for companies in the UK producing prescription medicines