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In image processing, a kernel, convolution matrix, or mask is a small matrix used for blurring, sharpening, embossing, edge detection, and more. This is accomplished by doing a convolution between the kernel and an image. Or more simply, when each pixel in the output image is a function of the nearby pixels (including itself) in the input image ...
An example image thresholded using Otsu's algorithm Original image. In computer vision and image processing, Otsu's method, named after Nobuyuki Otsu (大津展之, Ōtsu Nobuyuki), is used to perform automatic image thresholding. [1]
This is the standard blend mode which uses the top layer alone, [3] without mixing its colors with the layer beneath it: [example needed] (,) =where a is the value of a color channel in the underlying layer, and b is that of the corresponding channel of the upper layer.
OpenCV (Open Source Computer Vision Library) is a library of programming functions mainly for real-time computer vision. [2] Originally developed by Intel, it was later supported by Willow Garage, then Itseez (which was later acquired by Intel [3]).
For example, if an algorithm is looking for a face, its template eigenspaces may consist of images (i.e., templates) of faces in different positions to the camera, in different lighting conditions, or with different expressions (i.e., poses). It is also possible for a matching image to be obscured or occluded by an object.
Masking occurs when the same identifier is used for different entities in overlapping lexical scopes. At the level of variables (rather than names), this is known as variable shadowing . An identifier I' (for variable X') masks an identifier I (for variable X) when two conditions are met
Instead, the first step of calculation is the computation of the gradient values. The most common method is to apply the 1-D centered, point discrete derivative mask in one or both of the horizontal and vertical directions. Specifically, this method requires filtering the color or intensity data of the image with the following filter kernels:
In this example, the original photograph is shown on left. The version on the right shows the effect of quantizing it to 16 colors and dithering using the 8×8 ordered dithering pattern. The characteristic 17 patterns of the 4×4 ordered dithering matrix can be seen clearly when used with only two colors, black and white.