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The cause of tetralogy of Fallot is typically not known. [5] Maternal risk factors include lifestyle-related habits ( alcohol use during pregnancy, smoking, or recreational drugs), medical conditions ( diabetes ), infections during pregnancy ( rubella ), and advanced age of mother during pregnancy (35 years and older).
[13] [14] The cause of a congenital heart defect is often unknown. [4] Risk factors include certain infections during pregnancy such as rubella, use of certain medications or drugs such as alcohol or tobacco, parents being closely related, or poor nutritional status or obesity in the mother.
Fetal abnormalities are conditions that affect a fetus or embryo, are able to be diagnosed prenatally, and may be fatal or cause disease after birth. They may include aneuploidies, structural abnormalities, or neoplasms. Acardiac twin; Achondrogenesis; Achondroplasia
Tetralogy of Fallot is actually the most common cause of cyanotic congenital heart defects, accounting for about 50-70%, as well as about 10% of all congenital heart defects in general. Now, it’s not quite clear why some babies develop TOF but it is associated with chromosome 22 deletions and DiGeorge syndrome.
The most common cause of right-to-left shunt is the Tetralogy of Fallot, a congenital cardiac anomaly characterized by four co-existing heart defects. Pulmonary stenosis (narrowing of the pulmonary valve and outflow tract, obstructing blood flow from the right ventricle to the pulmonary artery)
English: What is Tetralogy of Fallot? Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is a congenital heart condition characterized by four heart abnormalities—stenosis in the right ventricular outflow tract, right ventricular hypertrophy, ventricular septal defect, and aortic override of septal defect. Together, these can cause cyanosis in the newborn.
The most common heart defects seen with VACTERL association are ventricular septal defect (VSD), atrial septal defects and tetralogy of Fallot. Less common defects are truncus arteriosus and transposition of the great arteries. It is subsequently thought that cardiac defects should be considered an extension of VACTERL. [4]
A CXR of a child with tetralogy of Fallot. Pulmonary bay is a medical term which describes a finding on the chest radiograph.In pulmonary bay, there is a concavity where you would normally find the pulmonary artery.