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A memristor (/ ˈ m ɛ m r ɪ s t ər /; a portmanteau of memory resistor) is a non-linear two-terminal electrical component relating electric charge and magnetic flux linkage.It was described and named in 1971 by Leon Chua, completing a theoretical quartet of fundamental electrical components which also comprises the resistor, capacitor and inductor.
The Caravelli-Traversa-Di Ventra equation (CTDV) is a closed-form equation to the evolution of networks of memristors.It was derived by Francesco Caravelli (Los Alamos National Laboratory), Fabio L. Traversa (Memcomputing Inc.) and Massimiliano Di Ventra (UC San Diego) to study the exact evolution of complex circuits made of resistances with memory (memristors).
While the memristor is defined in terms of a two-terminal circuit element, there was an implementation of a three-terminal device called a memistor developed by Bernard Widrow in 1960. Memistors formed basic components of a neural network architecture called ADALINE developed by Widrow. [1] [2] The memistor was also used in MADALINE.
Stan Williams of HP Labs also argued that ReRAM was a memristor. [21] However, others challenged this terminology and the applicability of memristor theory to any physically realizable device is open to question. [22] [23] [24] Whether redox-based resistively switching elements (ReRAM) are covered by the current memristor theory is disputed. [25]
Only nine types of element (memristor not included), five passive and four active, are required to model any electrical component or circuit. [2]Each element is defined by a relation between the state variables of the network: current, ; voltage, ; charge, ; and magnetic flux, .
He has contributed to nonlinear circuit theory and cellular neural network theory. [2] He is the inventor and namesake of Chua's circuit [3] one of the first and most widely known circuits to exhibit chaotic behavior, and was the first to conceive the theories behind, and postulate the existence of, the memristor. [4]
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In Electrical Engineering, the process of circuit design can cover systems ranging from complex electronic systems down to the individual transistors within an integrated circuit. One person can often do the design process without needing a planned or structured design process for simple circuits.