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  2. Hybridization in perennial plants - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hybridization_in_perennial...

    In plants, hybridization mostly generates speciation events, [5] and commonly produces polyploid species. Factors like polyploidy events also plays significant factors for understanding the hybridization events (Example: an F1 hybrid of Jatropha curcas x Ricinus communis ), [ 6 ] because these polyploids tend to have an advantage for the early ...

  3. Hybrid speciation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hybrid_speciation

    For a hybrid form to persist, it must be able to exploit the available resources better than either parent species, which, in most cases, it will have to compete with.For example: while grizzly bears and polar bears may be able to mate and produce offspring, a grizzly–polar bear hybrid is apparently less- suited in either of the parents' ecological niches than the original parent species ...

  4. Hybrid (biology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hybrid_(biology)

    A mule is a sterile hybrid of a male donkey and a female horse.Mules are smaller than horses but stronger than donkeys, making them useful as pack animals.. In biology, a hybrid is the offspring resulting from combining the qualities of two organisms of different varieties, subspecies, species or genera through sexual reproduction.

  5. Reproductive isolation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reproductive_isolation

    Nevertheless, in plants, hybridization is a stimulus for the creation of new species – the contrary to the situation in animals. [34] Although the hybrid may be sterile, it can continue to multiply in the wild by asexual reproduction, whether vegetative propagation or apomixis or the production of seeds. [35] [36] [clarification needed ...

  6. Genetic engineering techniques - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_engineering_techniques

    Human-directed genetic manipulation began with the domestication of plants and animals through artificial selection in about 12,000 BC. [1]: 1 Various techniques were developed to aid in breeding and selection. Hybridization was one way rapid changes in an organism's genetic makeup could be introduced. Crop hybridization most likely first ...

  7. Laboratory experiments of speciation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laboratory_experiments_of...

    A simplification of an allopatric speciation experiment where two lines of fruit flies are raised on maltose and starch media. Laboratory experiments of speciation have been conducted for all four modes of speciation: allopatric, peripatric, parapatric, and sympatric; and various other processes involving speciation: hybridization, reinforcement, founder effects, among others.

  8. List of plant hybrids - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plant_hybrids

    An ornamental lily hybrid known as Lilium 'Citronella' [1] This is a list of plant hybrids created intentionally or by chance and exploited commercially in agriculture or horticulture. The hybridization event mechanism is documented where known, along with the authorities who described it.

  9. Speciation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speciation

    Hybridization is an important means of speciation in plants, since polyploidy (having more than two copies of each chromosome) is tolerated in plants more readily than in animals. [ 80 ] [ 81 ] Polyploidy is important in hybrids as it allows reproduction, with the two different sets of chromosomes each being able to pair with an identical ...

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