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Feline hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most common heart disease in domestic cats; [71] [72] [73] the disease process and genetics are believed to be similar to the disease in humans. [74] In Maine Coon cats, HCM has been confirmed as an autosomal dominant inherited trait. [75] Numerous cat breeds have HCM as a problem in the breed. [76]
FATE syndrome develops in approximately 70% of cases as a result of heart disease, most commonly heart disease with cardiac wall thickening (Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy, HCM). Up to 17% of cats with HCM experience arterial thromboembolism, but cats with other cardiomyopathies are also at increased risk.
The disorder leaves the cat with a full-size body, but disproportionately short and thick legs. Dwarf cats often suffer from spinal disorders, such as lordosis (excessive curvature of the spine) and pectus excavatum (hollowed chest). [7] As with human dwarfism, there are still a lot of unknown mysteries in the science behind feline dwarfism.
Feline disease refers to infections or illnesses that affect cats. They may cause symptoms, sickness or the death of the animal. Some diseases are symptomatic in one cat but asymptomatic in others. Feline diseases are often opportunistic and tend to be more serious in cats that already have concurrent sicknesses.
Not all cats that test positive will have clinical signs of the disease, and some Maine Coon cats with clinical evidence of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy test negative for this mutation, strongly suggesting that a second mutation exists in the breed. The HCM prevalence was found to be 10.1% (95% CI 5.8 -14.3%) in this study. [39]
Restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM) is a form of cardiomyopathy in which the walls of the heart are rigid (but not thickened). [2] [3] Thus the heart is restricted from stretching and filling with blood properly.
Domestic cats are affected by over 250 naturally occurring hereditary disorders, many of which are similar to those in humans, such as diabetes, hemophilia and Tay–Sachs disease. [ 3 ] [ 5 ] For example, Abyssinian cat 's pedigree contains a genetic mutation that causes retinitis pigmentosa , which also affects humans.
Mavacamten, sold under the brand name Camzyos, is a medication used to treat obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. [8] [9]Mavacamten is a small-molecule allosteric [10] and cardiac myosin inhibitor. [8]